sibvestСибирский вестник сельскохозяйственной наукиSiberian Herald of Agricultural Science0370-87992658-462XSiberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.26898/0370-8799-2022-6-4sibvest-1216Research ArticleРАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВО И СЕЛЕКЦИЯPLANT GROWING AND BREEDINGИзучение мягкой пшеницы по снижению температуры полога в условиях Алтайского краяStudy of soft wheat by the canopy temperature depression under Altai territory conditionsЛепеховС. Б.LepekhovS. B.

кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

Алтайский край, Барнаул

Candidate of Science in Agriculture, Lead Researcher

Barnaul, Altai Territory

sergei.lepehov@yandex.ruПетинВ. А.PetinV. A.

младший научный сотрудник

Алтайский край, Барнаул

Junior Researcher

Barnaul, Altai Territory

ВалекжанинВ. С.ValekzhaninV. S.

кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

Алтайский край, Барнаул

Candidate of Science in Agriculture, Lead Researcher

Barnaul, Altai Territory

КоробейниковН. И.KorobeinikovN. I.

кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

Алтайский край, Барнаул

Candidate of Science in Biology, Lead Researcher

Barnaul, Altai Territory

Федеральный Алтайский научный центр агробиотехнологийРоссияFederal Altai Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologiesRussian Federation2022140120235263641Copyright © Лепехов С.Б., Петин В.А., Валекжанин В.С., Коробейников Н.И., 20232023Лепехов С.Б., Петин В.А., Валекжанин В.С., Коробейников Н.И.Lepekhov S.B., Petin V.A., Valekzhanin V.S., Korobeinikov N.I.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sibvest.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1216

Представлены результаты исследований в области селекции на засухоустойчивость пшеницы по методу инфракрасной термометрии. Отмечено, что в России данный метод до сих пор не получил распространения. Изучен параметр снижения температуры полога (Canopy temperature depression CTD) среди коллекционных образцов яровой мягкой пшеницы. Эксперимент проведен в Алтайском крае в 2019–2021 гг. У 55 сортов яровой мягкой пшеницы исследованы урожайность, элементы ее структуры и длительность периода всходы – колошение. Температуру полога измеряли при помощи портативного инфракрасного термометра. Определяли CTD как разность между температурой воздуха и температурой полога. Средняя по сортам величина CTD составила 6,1, –0,8 и 2,6 °С в 2019, в 2020 и 2021 гг. соответственно. Достоверное влияние на изменчивость данного признака оказал как фактор год, так и генотип. На протяжении трех лет исследования CTD имел стабильную достоверную взаимосвязь с длительностью периода всходы – колошение (r = 0,27–0,37), а в два года из трех – с урожайностью r = 0,32 и 0,60. В самом засушливом году (2020) CTD положительно коррелировал не только с элементами структуры урожая (r = 0,17–0,48), но и с высотой растения (r = 0,55). Наибольшая величина CTD в среднем за три года отмечена у Алтайской жницы (3,5 °С), Степной нивы (3,6), Бурлака (3,8), Обской 2 (3,9 °С), Лютесценс 360/96, Мерцаны, Александра (4,0 °С) и Лютесценс 208/08-4 (4,4 °С).

Results of research in the field of wheat drought tolerance breeding by infrared thermometry method are presented. It is noted that in Russia this method is still not widespread. The parameter Canopy temperature depression (CTD) among collection samples of spring wheat was studied. The experiment was conducted in the Altai Territory in 2019-2021. Yield, elements of its structure and the duration of seedling – heading period were studied in 55 varieties of spring soft wheat. The canopy temperature was measured with a portable infrared thermometer. CTD was defined as the difference between the air temperature and the canopy temperature. The average CTD across the varieties was 6.1, -0.8, and 2.6 °C in 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. Significant influence on the variability of this trait had both the factor of year and genotype. During the three years of the study CTD had a stable reliable relationship with the duration of the seedling - heading period (r = 0.27- 0.37), and in two of the three years - with the yield (r = 0.32 and 0.60). In the driest year (2020), CTD was positively correlated not only with the yield structure elements (r = 0.17-0.48), but also with the plant height (r = 0.55). The highest average CTD value for three years was recorded for Altayskaya zhnica (3.5 °C), Stepnaya niva (3.6 °C), Burlak (3.8 °C), Obskaya 2 (3.9 °C), Lutescens 360/96, Merzana, Alexander (4.0 °C) and Lutescens 208/08-4 (4.4 °C) cultivars.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.