sibvestСибирский вестник сельскохозяйственной наукиSiberian Herald of Agricultural Science0370-87992658-462XSiberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences10.26898/0370-8799-2025-3-11sibvest-2188Research ArticleЗООТЕХНИЯ И ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯZOOTECHNICS AND VETERINARY MEDICINEМежпородные различия гематологических показателей коров в Западной СибириInterbreeding differences in hematologic parameters of cows in Western Siberiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0976-8166СебежкоО. И.SebezhkoO. I.

доцент кафедры, кандидат биологических наук

630039, Новосибирск, ул. Добролюбова, 60

Olga I. Sebezhko, Assistant Professor, Candidate of Science in Biology, Associate Professor

60, Dobrolyubova, Novosibirsk, 630039

sebezhkoolga@yandex.ruНовосибирский государственный аграрный университетРоссияNovosibirsk State Agrarian UniversityRussian Federation202503092025553103112Copyright © Себежко О.И., 20252025Себежко О.И.Sebezhko O.I.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://sibvest.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2188

Представлены результаты анализа содержания и изменчивости показателей гематологического статуса у коров разных пород, разводимых на территории Западной Сибири. Продемонстрированы данные по оценке различий абсолютного количества лейкоцитов, эритроцитов, тромбоцитов, концентрации гемоглобина, относительного числа клеток лейкоцитарной формулы, индексов стресса и адаптации между животными голштинской, черно-пестрой, красной степной пород. Исследована периферическая кровь здоровых коров 2-й лактации. Измерение гематологических параметров проводили с помощью автоматического гематологического анализатора PCT 90Vet. Лейкоцитарную формулу подсчитывали в мазках крови, фиксированных в 95-градусном этаноле и окрашенных по Романовскому. Рассчитывали индексы адаптации и стресса. Использовали робастное статистическое оценивание и методы описательной статистики. Для сравнения групп использован критерий Краскела – Уоллиса. Апостериорные сравнения проводили методом Данна. В большинстве случаев распределение данных было отличным от нормального. Средние величины оцениваемых показателей гемограммы у всех коров варьировали в пределах физиологической нормы, общепринятой для крупного рогатого скота. Наиболее высоким адаптационным потенциалом характеризовались коровы голштинской породы: количество лейкоцитов составило 12,1 × 109 /л, относительное число сегментоядерных нейтрофилов – 37,5%, индекс адаптации – 3,17, индекс стресса – 0,29. Выявлены межпородные различия по всем оцениваемым показателям, за исключением палочкоядерных нейтрофилов (p < 0,05). Наибольшая сила влияния фактора породы установлена для эозинофилов, эритроцитов и тромбоцитов; наименьшая – для моноцитов. Величина η2 для данных показателей составила 0,43; 0,29; 0,29 и 0,44 соответственно. Полученные данные отражают дифференцированный вклад генетических факторов в разные гематологические показатели.

The paper presents the results of the analysis of the content and variability of hematological status indicators in cows of different breeds bred in Western Siberia. Data on the assessment of differences in the absolute number of leukocytes, erythrocytes, platelets, hemoglobin concentration, relative number of leukocyte cells, stress and adaptation indices between animals of Holstein, Black-and-White, Red Steppe breeds are demonstrated. The peripheral blood of healthy cows of the 2nd lactation was examined. Hematological parameters were measured using the PCT 90Vet automatic hematology analyzer. The leukocyte formula was calculated in blood smears fixed in 950 ethanol and stained according to Romanovsky. Adaptation and stress indices were calculated. Robust statistical estimation and descriptive statistics methods were used. The Kruskal-Wallis criterion was used to compare the groups. Post hoc comparisons were carried out using the Dunn’s method. In most cases, the data distribution was different from normal. The average values of the estimated hemogram parameters in all cows varied within the physiological norm generally accepted for cattle. Holstein cows were characterized by the highest adaptive potential: the number of leukocytes was 12.1 × 109 /l, the relative number ofsegmented neutrophils was 37.5%, the adaptation index was 3.17, the stress index was 0.29. Interbreed differences were revealed in all evaluated indicators with the exception of band neutrophils (p < 0.05). The greatest influence of the breed factor has been established for eosinophils, erythrocytes and platelets; the lowest for monocytes. The value of n2 for these indicators was 0.43; 0.29; 0.29; 0.44, respectively. The data obtained reflect the differentiated contribution of genetic factors to different hematological parameters.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.