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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский вестник сельскохозяйственной науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-8799</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-462X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26898/0370-8799-2026-1-5</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibvest-2878</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВО И СЕЛЕКЦИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT GROWING AND BREEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка себестоимости производства посадочного материала чеснока стрелкующегося (Allium sativum L.) с использованием технологии in vitro</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Estimation of the production cost of the planting material of bolting garlic (Allium sativum L.) using in vitro technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9351-1701</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Азопкова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Azopkova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Азопкова Марина Александровна, научный сотрудник, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук </p><p>140153, Московская область, д. Верея, стр-е 500</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Azopkova, Researcher, Candidate of Science in Agriculture </p><p>build. 500, Vereya village, Moscow Region, 140153</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tixanish@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт овощеводства – филиал Федерального научного центра овощеводства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Growing – Branch of the Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Growing Vereya village</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>56</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Азопкова М.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Азопкова М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Azopkova M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibvest.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2878">https://sibvest.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2878</self-uri><abstract><p>В рамках исследования выполнен сравнительный анализ себестоимости получения оздоровленного посадочного материала чеснока озимого с использованием классической технологии (из воздушных луковичек) и метода in vitro. Представлены затраты на разных этапах получения посадочного материала. При использовании классической технологии общие затраты составляют 368 чел. ч и 258,94 тыс. р., расчетная себестоимость одной луковицы чеснока доходит до 26 р. При этом основной статьей затрат является заработная плата. Первый этап технологии in vitro (введение в культуру) занимает 3,74% затрат, в денежном эквиваленте – 28,83 тыс. р. Этапы микроразмножения, а также укоренения и подращивания растений in vitro по длительности и объему затрат находятся на одном уровне. Их доля в структуре затрат составляет 17% (132,85 и 134,65 тыс. р. соответственно). Себестоимость одного растения чеснока in vitro – 8,86 и 10,20 р. соответственно. Основными статьями расходов служат заработная плата и материалы (в среднем по 45%). Наиболее затратным этапом является адаптация растений к условиям ex vitro: длится более 7 мес, в структуре затрат его доля составляет 61,81%, себестоимость одного растения составляет 31,76 р. В целом затраты на получение посадочного материала с использованием метода in vitro составляют 899,72 тыс. р. Себестоимость одной луковицы – 89,95 р., что на 64 р. дороже по сравнению с классической технологией. Хотя высокотехнологичные и наукоемкие методы оздоровления посадочного материала чеснока стрелкующегося существенно повышают его себестоимость, однако являются более эффективными и могут рассматриваться как долгосрочные инвестиции в развитие чесноководства в России.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study included a comparative analysis of the cost of obtaining improved winter garlic planting material using the classical technology (from aerial bulbs) and the in vitro method. The costs at different stages of obtaining the planting material are presented. When using the classical technology, total costs amount to 368 man-hours and 258.94 thousand rubles, the estimated cost of one bulb of garlic reaches 26 rubles. The main cost item is the wages. The first stage of the in vitro technology (introduction to culture) accounts for 3.74% of costs, in monetary terms – 28.83 thousand rubles. The stages of micropropagation, as well as rooting and growing plants in vitro, are at the same level in terms of duration and cost. Their share in the cost structure accounts for 17% (132.85 and 134.65 thousand rubles, respectively). The cost of one in vitro garlic plant is 8.86 and 10.20 rubles, respectively. The main expense items are wages and materials (45% each on average). The most expensive stage is the adaptation of plants to ex vitro conditions: it lasts more than 7 months, its share in the cost structure is 61.81%, the cost of one plant is 31.76 rubles. In total, the costs of obtaining the planting material using the in vitro method amount to 899.72 thousand rubles. The cost of one bulb is 89.95 rubles, which is 48 64 rubles more expensive than the classic technology. Although high-tech and science-intensive methods for improving the planting material of bolting garlic significantly increase its cost, they are more effective and can be considered as a long-term investment in the development of garlic growing in Russia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>себестоимость</kwd><kwd>чеснок</kwd><kwd>оздоровленный посадочный материал</kwd><kwd>культура in vitro</kwd><kwd>воздушные луковички</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cost price</kwd><kwd>garlic</kwd><kwd>improved planting material</kwd><kwd>in vitro culture</kwd><kwd>air bulbs</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сурихина Т.Н., Азопкова М.А. Аналитический обзор производства чеснока в России // Рисоводство. 2024. Т. 23. № 2 (63). С. 85–91. 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