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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский вестник сельскохозяйственной науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-8799</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-462X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26898/0370-8799-2019-3-1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibvest-566</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЕ И ХИМИЗАЦИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AGRICULTURE AND CHEMICALIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оптимальные дозы фосфорных удобрений (к почвенно-биохимическим аспектам проблемы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optimal doses of phosphorous fertilizers (soil biochemical aspects of the problem)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Адрес для переписки: Россия, 630501 Новосибирская область, р.п. Краснообск, СФНЦА РАН, а/я 463</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Doctor of Science in Biology, Head Researcher</p><p>Address: PO Box 463, SFSCA RAS, Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk Region, 630501</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Danilova7alb@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Сибирский федеральный научный центр агробиотехнологий Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Siberian Federal Scientiﬁ c Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>49</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Данилова А.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Данилова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Danilova A.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibvest.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/566">https://sibvest.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/566</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время проблема обеспечения фосфором почв Сибири значительно обострилась в сравнении с прошедшими десятилетиями. Это связано с практически полным прекращением применения фосфорных удобрений под зерновые культуры и резким удорожанием данных удобрений в сравнении с ценой зерна. Известны разные подходы к диагностике пула доступного растениям фосфора. В том числе предложены методы на основе применения препаратов фосфатаз, позволяющие оценивать подвижность фосфорорганических соединений в почве. Проведена оценка содержания ферментативно доступного фосфора в черноземе выщелоченном Приобья в зависимости от вида севооборота и применения фосфорных удобрений для поиска обоснования их оптимальных доз. После пяти ротаций трехпольного зернопарового севооборота фракция ферментативно доступного фосфора в почве не обнаружена на агрофонах без удобрений и при внесении относительно низких доз фосфора (Р15). Некоторый запас его в почве отмечен при ежегодном внесении Р60 на фоне зернотравяного севооборота и длительном применении навоза в прифермском севообороте. Сделан вывод, что в лесостепи Приобья при применении под зерновые культуры фосфорных удобрений в дозе Р15, которая в среднемноголетнем цикле лет с различными условиями увлажнения компенсирует ежегодный вынос элемента с зерном, обеспечение растений фосфором может происходить без образования запасов ферментативно доступного фосфора. Ежегодное применение Р60 способствует формированию запасов невостребованного фосфора в виде ферментативно доступной его фракции, что делает спорной экономическую целесообразность данной дозы удобрения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>At present, the problem of supplying soils of Siberia with phosphorus has become much more acute in comparison with the past decades. This is due to virtually complete termination of the use of phosphate fertilizers for grain crops and a sharp increase in the price of these fertilizers compared to the price of grain. There are various approaches to diagnosing the pool of phosphorus available to plants, including methods based on the use of phosphatase preparations allowing to assess the mobility of organic phosphorous compounds in the soil. The content of biologically available soil phosphorus was assessed in the leached chernozem of Priobye, depending on the type of crop rotation and the use of phosphate fertilizers, with the aim of ﬁ nding optimal doses of these fertilizers. After ﬁ ve rotations of three-ﬁ eld grain-fallow crop rotations, the fraction of biologically available soil phosphorus was not detected against the background of no fertilizers or with application of low doses of phosphorus (P15). A certain reserve of phosphorus in the soil was found with the annual use of P60 on the grain-grass crop rotation and long-term application of manure on the farm crop rotation. It was concluded that in the forest-steppe of Priobye, the supply of plants with phosphorus can occur without the formation of biologically available soil phosphorus reserves, whereby the dose of phosphate fertilizer P15 compensates for the annual removal of the element with grain in the average multiyear cycle of years with different climate conditions. Annual application of P60 forms reserves of surplus phosphorus in the form of its biologically available fraction, which makes the economic efﬁ ciency of this doze of the fertilizer questionable.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фосфатазная активность почвы</kwd><kwd>ферментативно доступный фосфор почвы</kwd><kwd>севообороты</kwd><kwd>фосфорные удобрения</kwd><kwd>чернозем выщелоченный</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>soil phosphatase activity</kwd><kwd>biologically available soil phosphorus</kwd><kwd>crop rotations</kwd><kwd>phosphate fertilizers</kwd><kwd>leached chernozem</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа проведена в рамках выполнения государственного задания ГЗ 0778-2018-0002</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bünemann E.K. 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