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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sibvest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский вестник сельскохозяйственной науки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0370-8799</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-462X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26898/0370-8799-2020-1-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sibvest-653</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BRIEF REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полиморфизм генов CAST, GH, GDF9 овец горно-алтайской породы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Polymorphism of CAST, GH, GDF9 genes of Gorno-Altai sheep breed</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Селионова</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Selionova</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, профессор РАН, руководитель научного направления</p><p>355017, Ставрополь, пер. Зоотехнический, 15</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Science in Biology, Professor RAS, Head of Research Division</p><p>15 Zootechnichesky, Stavropol, 355017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m_selin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чижова</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chizhova</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Science in Agriculture, Professor, Laboratory Head</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ummunogenetika@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суржикова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Surzhikova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Science in Agriculture, Senior Researcher</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ummunogenetika@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подкорытов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podkorytov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Республика Алтай, с. Майма</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher</p><p>Mayma, Altay Republic</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ganiish@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подкорытов</surname><given-names>А. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podkorytov</surname><given-names>A. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Республика Алтай, с. Майма</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Science in Agriculture, Head Researcher</p><p>Mayma, Altay Republic</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ganiish@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный аграрный центр, Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт овцеводства и козоводства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The North Caucasus Federal Agricultural Research Center, All-Russian Research Institute of Sheep and Goat Breeding</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный Алтайский научный центр агробиотехнологий, Горно-Алтайский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Altay Federal Scientiﬁc Center of AgroBioTechnologies, Gorno-Altay Research Institute of Agriculture</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>50</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Селионова М.И., Чижова Л.Н., Суржикова Е.С., Подкорытов Н.А., Подкорытов А.Т., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Селионова М.И., Чижова Л.Н., Суржикова Е.С., Подкорытов Н.А., Подкорытов А.Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Selionova M.I., Chizhova L.N., Surzhikova E.S., Podkorytov N.A., Podkorytov A.T.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://sibvest.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/653">https://sibvest.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/653</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены результаты изучения генетического разнообразия местных пород сельскохозяйственных животных. Объект исследований – горно-алтайская шерстно-мясная порода овец, максимально приспособленная к жестким природно-климатическим условиям Горного Алтая, круглогодовому пастбищному использованию. Порода отличается обильномолочностью, которая обеспечивает высокую сохранность молодняка. Изучены гены и их полиморфные варианты, ассоциированные с селекционируемыми признаками овец. В качестве перспективных генов, маркирующих качественные и количественные признаки мясной продуктивности овец, рассмотрены гены кальпастатина – CAST, соматотропина – GН, дифференциального фактора роста – GDF9. Анализом результатов ДНК-диагностики установлено, что полиморфизм генов CAST, GH, GDF9 представлен двумя аллелями, соответственно M и N; A и B; A и G, тремя генотипами – MM, NN, MN; AA, BB, AB; AA, GG, AG с разной частотой встречаемости. Частота желательного N аллеля гена CAST составила 27,5%, аллеля В гена GH – 37,5 %, аллеля А гена GDF9 – 45,0%. Сравнительный анализ уровня фактической и теоретической ожидаемой гетерозиготности свидетельствует о неоднозначности характера их распределения в зависимости от гена. Наивысшие показатели фактической и ожидаемой гетерозиготности были характерны для гена GDF9, составившие соответственно 0,538 и 0,651 против 0,290 и 0,368; 0,290 и 0,445 – для генов CAST и GH. Наиболее высокая (36,9%) степень генетической изменчивости была характерна для гена GDF9, при 24,4 и 28,3% – для генов CAST и GH. Вариабельность изменчивости теста гетерозиготности в изучаемых генах отмечена незначительной: от минус 0,08 для гена CAST, минус 0,15 и минус 0,11 для генов GH и GDF9, что свидетельствует о некотором недостатке гетерозигот. Результаты исследований показали перспективность включения в селекционные программы совершенствования горно-алтайской породы овец тестирование, отбор и подбор по изученным генам.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The results of studying the genetic diversity of local breeds of farm animals are presented. The object of research is the Gorno-Altai mutton-wool breed of sheep, maximally adapted to the harsh climatic conditions of the Altai mountains, and year-round pasture use. The breed is rich in milk, which ensures high survival rate of young animals. The genes and their polymorphic variants associated with breeding traits of sheep were studied. The genes of Calpastatin (CAST), Somatotropin (GH), and differential growth factor (GDF9) are considered as promising genes marking qualitative and quantitative traits of meat productivity in sheep. The analysis of the DNA diagnostics results revealed that the polymorphism of the CAST, GH, GDF9 genes is represented by two alleles, M and N; A and B; A and G, respectively, and three genotypes – MM, NN, MN; AA, BB, AB; AA, GG, AG with different frequency of occurrence. The frequency of the desired N allele of the CAST gene was 27.5%, the B allele of the GH gene 37.5%, and the A allele of the GDF9 gene 45.0%. A comparative analysis of the level of actual and theoretical expected heterozygosity indicates the ambiguity of the nature of their distribution depending on the gene. The highest indicators of actual and expected heterozygosity were characteristic of the GDF9 gene, which amounted to 0.538 and 0.651, respectively, against 0.290 and 0.368; 0.290 and 0.445 for the CAST and GH genes. The highest (36.9%) degree of genetic variation (V) was characteristic of the GDF9 gene at 24.4%, and 28.3% for the CAST and GH genes. The variability of the heterozygosity test changeability in the studied genes was noted to be not signiﬁcant: from minus 0.08 for the CAST gene to minus 0.15 and minus 0.11 for the GH and GDF9 genes, which indicates a certain lack of heterozygotes. The research results showed the prospect of including testing, selection and assortment of the studied genes into breeding programs for improving the Gorno-Altai breed of sheep.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>горно-алтайская порода овец</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>гены CAST</kwd><kwd>GH и GDF9</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Gorno-Altai breed of sheep</kwd><kwd>polymorphism</kwd><kwd>CAST</kwd><kwd>GH and GDF9 genes</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследования выполнены за счет бюджетного финансирования ФГБНУ «Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный аграрный центр» по теме 0513-2019-0002.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Данкверт С.А., Холманов А.М., Осадчая О.Ю. Овцеводство стран мира. 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