Productivity of fodder agrocenoses in the Northern territories of the Arkhangelsk region

Abstract

The studies were conducted in 2019-2021 in the conditions of the northern part of the Arkhangelsk region. The aim of the research is to study perennial agrophytocenoses consisting of promising cereals and legumes to improve the fodder base in the conditions of northern regions. Herbage grasses of 3 years of life formed from various combinations of cereals and legumes were studied, their productivity and participation of components of grass mixtures in the formation of yields were determined. Meteorological conditions varied during the years of the study. In 2019 and 2020, the growing seasons were excessively wet (hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) 1.80 and 1.76), in 2021, the period was noted as quite wet (HTC 1.38). It was found that in the 1st year of life the formation of green mass yield is due to the legume component. At the same time, 73% of red clover and 59-67% of alfalfa are contained in the structure of the crop. Later in the phytocenosis there is a decrease in the participation of leguminous grasses in the yield, in the 3rd year the content of red clover was 15- 20%, alfalfa fell out of the herbage. The herbage, consisting of reed fescue and red clover, stood out as the most productive. Two-cuts use of this agrophytocenosis allows for the first 2 years of intensive use to get from 10.71 to 11.41 t/ha of dry matter, 114.12-129.01 GJ/ha of exchange energy and 1.43- 1.51 t/ha of crude protein. Reed fescue stands out as the most promising crop. When alfalfa falls out of the herbage, the experiment variant with reed fescue is superior to the control variant in dry matter yield and exchange energy yield.