Selection and immunological schemes in agrocenoses of table carrots

   The results of research aimed at increasing the resistance of carrots to major crop diseases caused by fungi of genera Alternaria and Fusarium are presented. It has been noted that fusarium and alternaria infections affect carrot plants in the first and second years of life, reduce the storability of root crops during storage, cause seed-breeding plot drop-out, deteriorate seed quality, which causes significant damage to commercial production and seed production. Multi-year studies (2011-2020) were conducted in the Moscow region. The experiment was performed on infection-provoking backgrounds, in vitro and under natural uncontrolled conditions.

   The object of the study were table carrot plants of the first and second year of life.

   The original, varietal, linear, breeding and hybrid material of table carrots of domestic selection, samples of foreign selection, phytopathogenic fungi of genera Alternaria, Fusarium were used. In the laboratory and field conditions the basic principles of the sequence of inclusion of different methods of immunological evaluation and alternation of two-year and one-year cycles of development of carrot table plants in the schemes of the corresponding stages of the breeding process to increase the intensity and efficiency of selection, saving time and breeding material were developed. The research revealed a strong correlation between laboratory and field experiments. As a result of the application of selection and immunological schemes in the breeding process, the following varieties - sources of group resistance to Alternaria and Fusarium infestation at different stages of ontogenesis were identified: Biryuchekutskaya, Surazhevskaya 1, Vitaminnaya 6, NIIOH-336; Losinoostrovskaya 13; Bessertsevinnaya, Queen of Autumn, Leandr, Moscow winter A-515, Chantene royal, Nuance.

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