EFFECT OF CLIMATIC FACTORS ON DEVELOPMENT AND FORMATION OF ECONOMIC CHARACTERS IN OATS

Abstract

The yields and main agronomic characters of oat varieties bred at the Narym State Breeding Station (since 2006, the Narym Department of the Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture and Peat) were analyzed to determine ones most adaptable to local conditions. Results revealed that air temperature and precipitation have a complex impact on the development and formation of economic traits in oats. As to the duration of the growing season, the varieties studied are related to four maturity groups: early ripening (Tayozhnik), medium-early (Metis, Megion, Mustang), mid-ripening (Narymsky, Togurchanin), and medium-late (Talisman). Warmth deficit and excess rainfall increased the length of the growing period, especially in the second half of the vegetation season. Excess rainfall reduces resistance of oats to lodging. Oats productivity increases, when weather conditions are close to the long-term norm. The highly productive varieties are Talisman and Togurchanin (4.21-4.01 t/ha), less productive one is Narymsky 943 (3.40 t/ha). As to grain size, Narymsky 943 is a leader: its average thousand-kernel weight has made up 40.2 g. Talisman variety has the smallest grain of 36.7 g. Oats generates high chaff under unfavorable conditions of warm and moisture availability. All the varieties studied, except Narymsky 943, are low chaffy, and are proved to be valuable as to grain quality.