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https://doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2023-11-3
The results of field and laboratory studies for 2020, 2022 on the creation of agrophytocenosis of valuable and promising medicinal plants: milk thistle (Silybum marianum), common fennel (Foeni culum vulgare) and scorzonera (Scorzonera hispanica L.) are presented. The studies were carried out on meadow-chernozem mealy carbonate soil (light loam by granulometric composition) in the experimental field at different sowing dates in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of Transbaikalia. The work is devoted to the study of the sowing dates influence (II ten-day period of May, II ten-day period of June, II ten-day period of July) on the duration of the interphase periods of plant development, linear growth, foliage, field germination, plant safety and yield of medicinal raw materials. The possibility of formation of different yields of medicinal crops due to different sowing dates has been established. The highest yield of medicinal raw material was formed in the crops of May 15 and June 15. Milk thistle had the yield of the herbage of 15.4–16.0 t/ha, dry mass – 2.46–2.56 t/ha, seeds – 1.69–1.71 t/ha; common fennel herbage – 43.0–43.2 t/ha, dry mass – 6.66–6.71 t/ha; scorzonera – with wet weight of root crops – 32.1 t/ha, leaves – 10.7 t/ha. Plant height by the time of harvesting of milk thistle was 163–166 cm and 54–57%; common fennel – 144–147 cm and 50–54%; scorzonera – 39 cm and 98%, respectively. There was no infestation of medicinal plants by diseases and pests. All crops were resistant to lodging and drought (5 points) in the conditions of Transbaikalia.
Olga T. Andreeva, Candidate of Science in Agriculture, Lead Researcher
PO Box 470, 49, Kirova St., Chita-10, Trans-Baikal Territory, 672010
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Andreeva O.T. Influence of sowing dates on the phenological development and yield of medicinal crops in Transbaikalia. Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science. 2023;53(11):23-31. https://doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2023-11-3
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