HYBRIDOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF SEED COAT COLOR IN SPRING RAPE

Abstract

The hybridological analysis of the self-pollinating spring rape lines with different colors of the seed coats was conducted. Investigations were carried out at the Siberian Research Institute of Fodder Crops, Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk District, Novosibirsk Region. It has been shown that in various crossing combinations between light- and dark-seeded forms, the F1 seeds had dark-colored coat, which varied from brown to black with a brownish color shade that was significative of a prevalence of dark color over light. The incomplete prevalence of this trait in certain crossing combinations was found. No difference in the results of reciprocal crosses indicates that the determination of the trait studied can be carried out by the nuclear genes. The nine classes of seed coat colors combined in 2 groups of dark- and light-colored seeds were identified. No significant distinctions between the actual and theoretical expected splittings of 15:1 for four crossing combinations, 63:1 for one combination at the standard c2 value of 3.84 at the 5% significance level have been found. The splitting of hybrid seeds of the second generation in the 15:1 and 63:1 ratios indicates the participation of two or three pairs of genes in the genetic control of this trait. The problem of instability of yellow seed coat color in spring rape has been discussed, and it has been concluded that the strict isolation of plants does not ensure a constant yellow color of the seed coat, which is subject to modified variability as influenced by environmental conditions and epigenetic trait control mechanisms being insufficiently studied.