THE POLYCROSS METHOD IN BREEDING SLOUGH GRASS UNDER CONDITIONS OF TAIGA ZONE OF WESTERN SIBERIA

Results are given from investigations on developing a new variety of slough grass for hay purposes, climatically and ecologically adapted to extreme conditions of the taiga zone of Western Siberia. The investigations were carried out at the Narym Department of Breeding and Seed Production of the Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture and Peat, Tomsk. In breeding of gramineous forage grasses, the method of complex-hybrid populations at the level of interclonal pollination is widely implemented. In developing a new variety of slough grass, wild specimens grown in Tomsk Region were used as sources of high productivity and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The features of developing complex-hybrid populations of slough grass in the taiga zone of Western Siberia are considered. When forming complex-hybrid populations, the selection of components was made on the basis of evaluation of total and specific combining ability at the polycross nursery. In order to form complex-hybrid populations were used specimens possessing high total combining ability as to no less than 3 traits. Results are given from the evaluation of forage mass and seed productivity, leafiness, protein and fiber contents, which was conducted at the polycross nurseries and in competitive variety trial. It is shown that the polycross method can be successfully used in breeding slough grass. As a result of the breeding work, a promising sample was obtained to be transferred to the State variety trial. The sample has high forage mass productivity, high regrow capacity of plants, when used for hay purposes, improved fodder qualities, resistance to diseases, and high winter hardiness. The major economic characters and properties of the new variety are productivity of green mass of 17.0 tonnes per ha, dry matter of 5.6 t/ha, seeds of 0.25 t/ha, leafiness 58.9%, winter hardiness 100%, crude protein content of 11.8% and up to 12.5% in particular years.

бекмания обыкновенная, поликросс-метод, селекция многолетних злаковых трав, сложногибридные популяции, slough grass, polycross method, breeding of perennial grasses, complex-hybrid populations

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