Results of studying the adaptability parameters of winter barley varieties and lines in the conditions of the south of the Rostov region

Barley is a multi-use crop whose grain can be used for a variety of purposes. Barley yields vary greatly across cultivation zones, so ecological variety trials are conducted to identify the response of the varieties to different soil and climatic conditions. New, more modern and high-yielding variety provides yield growth, crop resistance to stress factors, contributes to more efficient use of natural and anthropogenic resources. Creation and wide distribution of new adaptive varieties in production is a promising and environmentally friendly way of agricultural development. The purpose of the research is to identify the most ecologically plastic and adaptive varieties and lines of winter barley in the south of Rostov region in the course of a competitive variety trial. Studies to assess plasticity and adaptability were conducted in 2021–2023 on the territory of the Rostov region. 22 samples, varieties and promising lines of winter barley of the Agricultural Research Center "Donskoy" selection, were studied. Adaptability was assessed by the following parameters: coefficient of environmental variation, stress tolerance, homeostaticity, variety level and stability, stability factor and breeding value. Varieties characterized by high ecological plasticity and stability have been identified. The varieties Step and Marusya have been considered stable and are recommended to be used in the breeding process as sources of high stress tolerance, genotype value, and low variability of yield. Stable yield of these varieties is ensured due to the complex of its different components. Parallelum 2048 and Parallelum 2051 lines have shown themselves as plastic, subject to yield changes under the influence of external environment. In this regard, it is recommended to use intensive cultivation technology to maximize the yield of these lines 

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