Antibacterial efficacy of plant raw materials under in vitro conditions

The results of invitral studies of aqueous extracts of medicinal plant raw materials (chamomile f lowers – flores chamomillae; calendula flowers – flores calendula; common fennel seeds – semen foeniculumvulgare; amaranth seeds – semen amaranthus) are presented. Antibiotic sensitivity was assessed in accordance with MG 4.2. 1890–04. 2004 including sequential execution of the following steps: preparation of the extracts, nutrient media, suspension of the tested culture of Escherichia coli (isolated from calves), inoculation, incubation, recording and interpretation of the results. The expe- riment was performed using the diffusion method (comparison with a reference for intestinal micro organisms of 0.93*10⁹ cells/ml, which was suspended in sterile physiological solution, brought to a concentration of 2 x 10² CFU/ml by the McFarland turbidity standard).  It was found out that aqueous extracts of the studied plant raw materials showed different levels of antimicrobial activity against the tested bacterial culture of Escherichia coli under in vitro conditions. Calendula and chamomile ex tracts showed the highest potential for antimicrobial action. The change in the diameter of the growth retardation zone of the study crop as a function of concentration (25, 50, 75 and 100%) showed that the inhibitory activity was significantly increased and varied in calendula extract from 21.8–47.8% (р < 0.01); chamomile extract from 17.6–35.3% (р < 0.05); amaranth seeds from 18.8 to 31.3% and fennel seeds from 8.3 to 16.6% (р < 0.05). Average inhibitory activity was observed in the extract of f lores calendula with 23.0 ± 1.43 mm, low level of inhibitory activity was recorded in the extract of semen foeniculumvulgare at 25% concentration with a growth retardation zone of 10.0 ± 0.11 mm. The data of the present research will be taken into account in our further scientific work in the development of phytobiotic means as an alternative to chemical antimicrobial agents, the prevention of drug resis tance of bacteria and in the complex antibacterial therapy of gastrointestinal diseases of young farm animals meeting the needs of practical animal husbandry.

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