Influence of hydrothermal conditions on the content of protein and essential amino acids in common millet in the forest-steppe of the Samara region

   The results of the studies on the formation of quantitative and qualitative composition of protein in millet of different varieties depending on meteorological conditions during the growing season and separate phases of vegetation are presented. The research was conducted in 2018-2020 in the Samara region on three samples of common millet groats: Povolzhskoe 80 (middle-early), Krestyanka and Rossiyanka (medium-maturing). Correlation dependence of protein and essential amino acids content between the sum of active temperatures and precipitation was revealed. Meteorological conditions of the experimental years can be characterized as unfavorable, arid, with uneven distribution of precipitation (HTC 0.52–0.54). A positive strong relationship was observed between the sum of active temperatures and protein content (r = 0.74-0.98, d = 60.8-96.0 %) in the phase of sprouting – full ripeness depending on the variety. The correlation of precipitation with protein content showed a strong negative relationship on all the varieties (r = –0,70 … –0.99, d = 49,0–96,0 %). Increased temperature regime and precipitation deficit contributed to the increase in the percentage of protein content in millet groats of the studied varieties. Lower temperatures and increased precipitation cause a decrease in protein accumulation. The first deficient limiting amino acid, by which the biological value of protein is estimated, is lysine with the highest value of 20.75 % in the variety Povolzhskoe 80. The increase in lysine content in all the studied varieties is significantly influenced by the temperature regime in July in the phase of tillering – ear formation (r = 0,73–0,99).

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