Application of SSR markers in genetic passportization and identification of potato varieties in Russia

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is one of the most important food crops in the world. World potato market requires new varieties that meet the needs of a growing population and food industry. In this regard, genetic resource assessment for identifying new potato varieties and hybrids using effective and reliable methods is required. SSR markers are currently widely used for genotyping potato breeding material. They are chosen due to their high allelic diversity, reproducibility, and availability. In this article the advantages of using SSR markers and the experience of using various sets of SSR markers to assess the diversity of potato genetic collections in the Russian Federation are discussed. Information on the SSR markers most frequently used in potato genotyping is also presented. These markers are mainly included in the Potato genetic identity kit (PGI) developed in 2006 and widely used in many studies. It has been shown that the kits for assessing the diversity of Russian potato varieties include from 8 to 14 SSR markers. Their use allows getting unique profiles for each variety, whereas matching markers allow comparing the results from different laboratories. All SSR markers used to assess the genetic diversity of world potato collections were identified in the early 90s and published in several research works. Currently, due to the availability of complete potato genome sequences data, a search for new SSR markers is possible. However, such markers are still not widely used for genotyping, as they require validation. 

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