The power of growth as an important factor in the viability of soybean seeds

High seed viability is one of the most important conditions for obtaining high yields of soybeans. At the same time, vigor is a significant factor of seed viability; it influences yield, allows predicting the quality of yield, thereby reducing the cost of mineral fertilizers and biostimulant preparations. The article presents the results of the tests of four varieties of soybean breeding of the All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture: a new promising variety VNIIOZ 4, as well as the released varieties VNIIOZ 86, VNIIOZ 31 and Volgogradka 2. The purpose of the study was to comparatively assess the viability of seeds of the promising and released soybean varieties on the basis of studying the indicators of seed vigor (the ratio of the number of germinated sprouts to the number of sown germinated seeds; the mass of the aboveground and root parts of plants in terms of 100 sprouts). Experimental design and subsequent recording of the results were carried out in laboratory conditions according to the approved methodology for determining the seed vigor. It was found that during the test years (2021– 2023) the seeds of the variety VNIIOZ 4 had the highest growth vigor. Among the studied varieties, this variety recorded the highest value of green mass and root mass of the plants (109.6 and 47.9 g, respectively). The new variety showed maximum average percentage of normal shoots emerged on the surface (92.7%), along with minimum percentage of ungerminated seeds (1.3%) and shoots showing signs of disease (0.7%). The absence of ungerminated seeds was also observed in 2022 and 2023.

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