Molecular genetic polymorphism of Glycine soja Sieb. & Zucc. from the population of the Far East region

Glycine soja Sieb. & Zucc. is the ancestor of cultivated soybean and has a wider genetic variability in many economically valuable traits, including protein content. Currently, the most popular tool of genetic analysis is considered to be molecular markers, which are actively used in the study of genetic diversity. The objectives of the study are differentiation of wild soybean forms from the collection of the Federal Research Center "All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean", as well as compilation of molecular-genetic formulas necessary for further breeding work on the basis of SSR-analysis. The object of the study were 47 forms of wild soybean from different districts of the Amur region and 4 forms from the nearest habitats (Khabarovsk and Primorsky Territories, China). A standard PCR analysis was performed on the finished reaction mixture using 20 pairs of SSR primers. For the first time, based on the assessment of the degree of polymorphism of wild soybean DNA by microsatellites, genetic formulas of the studied collection genotypes were compiled, a dendrogram was constructed to identify their genetic diversity and the degree of genetic kinship was established. The maximum number (9 each) of unique alleles was detected among the G. soja forms of the Blagoveshchensk region (KBl-91) and Khabarovsk region (Hub-1). The samples from the Arkharinsky district were characterized by insignificant genetic diversity, in which no more than three unique alleles for each form were noted. As it is recommended to use forms of G. soja with the greatest variety of unique alleles in breeding programs, the marker system tested in the work can be used for the genetic differentiation of G. soja.

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