Influence of salicylic acid on germination and morphological parameters of spring durum wheat varieties under osmotic stress

The purpose of the research was to study the sowing qualities of seeds, morphological parameters of seedlings of various varieties of spring wheat during pre-sowing treatment of seeds with salicylic acid under conditions of sufficient moisture and against the background of osmotic stress. The materials for the research were: seeds of durum spring wheat varieties (Triticum durum Desf.) (Bezenchukskaya 210, Orenburgskaya 10, Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya, Kremen) salicylic acid, PEG 6000 (polyethylene glycol). Seed treatment with salicylic acid at the stage of juvenile development did not significantly affect the energy of seed sprouting and germination, but contributed to an increase in root weight in the varieties Kremen (by 15%), Bezenchukskaya 210 (by 13.3%), Orenburg 10, Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya (by 1.8%). In the variant with the use of polyethylene glycol, the indicators of seed sowing qualities decreased by 5–10%. In the Orenburg 10 variety, the decrease was 8 and 10% in sprouting energy and germination, respectively, and 5–7% in other varieties. The use of salicylic acid offset the negative impact of artificially created drought on the sowing qualities of seeds and the morphology of seedlings. Under artificially created drought conditions, treatment with salicylic acid contributed to an increase in the average number of rootlets by 2.9% (except for the Orenburgskaya 10 variety) and the rootlet weight of 1 sprout from 6.2% to 18.7% (except for the Kremen variety); the average length and weight of sprouts on the Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya variety by 33.5 and 42.8%, respectively, and on the Orenburgskaya 10 variety by 18.3 and 30.7%, respectively. For the remaining varieties, the sprout length increased by 2.0 and 8.8%.

1. Fedoreyeva L.I., Besaliev I.N., Kononenko N.V. Salt Tolerance of Conditions. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2021, vol. 3 (2), pp. 1–8. DOI: 10.36266/JSSPP/138.

2. Hassan Nemat, Heba Ebeed, Alshafei Aljaarany. Exogenous application of spermine and putrescine mitigate adversities of drought stress in wheat by protecting membranes and chloroplast ultra-structure. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 2020, vol. 26 (2), pp. 233–245.

3. Huan Li, Wang Jin-Qiang, Liu Qing. Photosynthesis product allocation and yield in sweet potato with spraying exogenous hormones under drought stress. Journal of Plant Physiology, 2020, vol. 253, p. 153265. DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153265.

4. Pavol Findura, Ivana Šindelková, Robert Rusinek, Hamed Karami, Marek Gancarz, Petr Bartoš. Determination of the influence of biostimulants on soil properties and field crop yields. International Agrophysics, 2022, no. 36 (4), pp. 351–359. DOI: 10.31545/intagr/155955.

5. Voronkova N.A., Balabanova N.F., Volkova V.A., Tsyganova N.A. The use of growth stimulants in the cultivation of spring soft wheat. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK = Achievements of Science and Technology of AIC, 2020, vol. 34, no. 10, pp. 73–77. (In Russian).

6. Kolupaev Yu.E., Yastreb T.O., Polyakov A.K., Dmitriev A.P. Salicylic acid and formation of plant adaptive responses to abiotic stressors: role of signaling network components. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Biologiya = Tomsk State University Journal of Biology, 2021, no. 55, pp. 135–165. (In Russian). DOI: 10.17223/19988591/55/8.

7. Yakunina A.V., Sinitsyna Yu.V. The effects of different concentrations of salicylic and succinic acids of on the germination and morphometric parameters of Oat Avena sativa L. and Wheat Triticum durum L. Zhurnal Sibirskogo federal'nogo universiteta. Biologiya = Journal of Siberian Federal University.Biology, 2023, vol. 16 (1), pp. 54–63. (In Russian).

8. Sabry M. Youssef, Antonio López-Orenes, María A. Ferrer, Antonio A. Calderon. Salicylic-Acid-Regulated Antioxidant Capacity Contributes to Growth Improvement of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus cv. Red Balady). Agronomy, 2022, vol. 12 (1), p. 168. DOI: 10.3390/agronomy12010168.

9. Saleem M., Fariduddin Q., Janda T. Multiface-ted role of salicylic acid in combating cold stress in plants: A review. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s00344-020-10152-x.

10. Sundas Tanveer, Nosheen Akhtar, Noshin Ilyas , RZ Sayyed , Betty Natalie Fitriatin, Kahkashan Perveen, Najat A Bukhari. Interactive effects of Pseudomonas putida and salicylic acid for mitigating drought tolerance in canola (Brassica napus L.). Heliyon, 2023, vol. 9.9 (3). DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14193.

11. Mohammad Mehdi Alizadeh, Mahyar Gerami, Parastoo Majidian, Hamid Reza Ghorbani. The potential application of biochar and salicylic acid to alleviate salt stress in soybean (Glycine max L.). Heliyon, 2024 Feb 19, vol. 10 (4), p. e26677. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26677.

12. Gorlacheva O.V., Gorbacheva S.N., Lyutenko V.S., Antsyferova O.V. Identification of PEG 6000 concentrations for assessing drought resistance in millet genotypes during the seed germination phase. Trudy po prikladnoj botanike, genetike i selekcii = Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding, 2021, vol. 182 (3), pp. 30–36. (In Russian). DOI: 10.30901/2227-8834-2021-3-30-36.

13. Panfilov A.L., Abdrashitov R.R. Effect of biofertilizers and osmotic stress on morphological parameters of spring barley seedlings. Vestnik RUDN. Seriya: Agronomiya i zhivotnovodstvo = RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries, 2022, vol. 17 (4), pp. 425–436. (In Russian). DOI: 10.22363/2312-797X-2022-17-4-425-436.