Half a century of studying Siberian chernozem fertility (on the 45th anniversary of the foundation of the Soil Fertility Laboratory of the Siberian Research Institute of Fodder Crops SFSCA RAS)

A brief overview of the results of the studies of soil fertility in Siberia is presented. Quantitative analysis of grain production processes in the years with varying weather conditions was conducted; experimental evidence was provided to demonstrate the absence of the need for special regulation of humus content in the soil; the role of the mobile fraction of soil organic matter in stabilizing humus reserves was revealed. The possibility of nitrogen migration beyond the root zone was established with an average annual nitrogen balance close to the deficit-free one. The method for calculating the comparative efficiency of biological and technical nitrogen under specific agro-technological conditions was proposed. The necessity of calculating the doses of phosphorus fertilizers for grain crops based on the amount of element alienation with the grain yield was substantiated. It was shown that for the forest-steppe conditions of the Ob region, the dose of P_40–60 recommended for the soils of the Russian Federation is excessive and does not pay off in terms of grain yield. The contribution of a complex of chemicals to the increase in the yield of spring wheat was estimated: the contribution of herbicides is about 10%, fungicides – 20%, mineral fertilizers – 70% with a payback of 1 kg of active ingredient of 12.4 kg of grain. Classification of the years based on the weather conditions was proposed for calculating the economic feasibility of using fertilizers in the years with different moisture conditions. The Agroten program was created for decision-making on the use of intensification tools in crop cultivation technologies. Soil microbiological principles for minimizing primary tillage in the Ob region were formulated. New methods for assessing the resilience of soil microbiomes to agrogenic stress factors were patented by the Russian Federation. A scale for assessing the probability of accumulation of pesticide residues in soil was proposed. The idea that straw is a renewable resource for agrocenoses, ensuring their ecotoxicological well-being, was experimentally substantiated. The first stage of a metagenomic analysis of the microbiome of leached chernozem in the Ob region was completed.

1. Sharkov I.N., Kolbin S.A., Samokhvalova L.M. Problem of nitrogen when using leached chernozem on intensive technology in forest-steppe of western Siberia. Agrokhimia = Agricultural Chemistry, 2021, no. 2, pp. 3–10. (In Russian). DOI: 10.31857/S0002188121020101.

2. Sharkov I.N., Kolbin S.A., Prozorov A.S., Samokhvalova L.M. Influence of minimization of autumn cultivation of leached chernozem on wheat removal of soil nitrogen in the Western Siberia forest-steppe. Agrokhimia = Agricultural Chemistry, 2019, no. 9, pp. 67–73. (In Russian). DOI: 10.1134/S0002188119090114.

3. Danilova A.A. Optimal doses of phosphorous fertilizers (soil biochemical aspects of the problem). Sibirskiy vestnik sel'skokhozyaystvennoy nauki = Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science, 2019, no. 49 (3), pp. 5–15. (In Russian). DOI: 10.26898/0370-8799-2019-3-1.

4. Tkachenko G.I. Comparison of the methods of soil phosphorus diagnostics on the chernozems of the Novosibirsk Priobye. Sibirskiy vestnik sel'skokhozyaystvennoy nauki = Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science, 2024, vol. 54, no. 12, pp. 15–24. (In Russian). DOI: 10.26898/0370-8799-2024-12-2.

5. Kolbin S.A., Danilova A.A., Rakhlenko A.G. Optimal dose of phosphorus fertilizers for grain agrocenoses in the Ob Region. Agrokhimia = Agricultural Chemistry, 2024, no. 8, pp. 19–26. (In Russian). DOI: 10.31857/S0002188124080032.

6. Kolbin S.A., Tkachenko G.I., Danilova A.A., Rakhlenko A.G. Methods of application of phosphorus fertilizer: in stock or annually? Agrokhimia = Agricultural Chemistry, 2025, no. 9, pp. 25–33. (In Russian). DOI: 10.7868/S3034496425090038.

7. Sharkov I.N., Kolbin S.A. The influence of weather conditions of the growing season on the yield of spring wheat and the effectiveness of nitrogen fertilizer in the forest-steppe of the Ob river region. Vestnik NGAU = Bulletin of NSAU, 2020, no. 1 (54), pp. 33–41. (In Russian). DOI: 10.31677/2072-6724-2020-54-1-33-41.

8. Sharkov I.N., Kolbin S.A., Vasileva N.V. Possibilities of intensification of spring wheat growing technology in the Western Siberia forest-steppe. Agrokhimia = Agricultural Chemistry, 2023, no. 6, pp. 3–11. (In Russian). DOI: 10.31857/S0002188123060108.

9. Kolbin S.A., Tkachenko G.I., Samokhvalova L.M. Efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer forms on the ordinary chernozem in the southern forest-steppe of Baraba. Pochva i okruzhaiushaya sreda = The Journal of Soils and Environment, 2025, vol. 8, no. 2. (In Russian). DOI: 10.31251/pos.v8i2.303.

10. Danilova A.A. Contribution of natural and anthropogenic factors to the development of leached chernozem properties under conservation tillage systems. Agrokhimia = Agricultural Chemistry, 2013, no. 11, pp. 45–53.

11. Danilova A.A. Biodynamics of agricultural soil at various content of organic substance. Novosibirsk: SFSCA RAS Publ., 2018, 156 p. (in Russian).

12. Danilova A.A., Ites Yu.V., Kolbin S.A. Glyphosate residues in grain after desiccation of crops in the Ob Region. Sibirskiy vestnik sel'skokhozyaystvennoy nauki = Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science, 2021, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 24–30. (In Russian). DOI: 10.26898/0370-8799-2021-3-3.

13. Galanova O.O., Mitkin N.A., Danilova A.A., Pavshintsev V.V., Tsybizov D.A., Zakharenko A.M., Golokhvast K.S., Grigoryeva T.V., Markelova M.I., Vatlin A.A. Assessment of Soil Health Through MetagenomicAnalysis of Bacterial Diversity in Russian Black Soil. Microorganisms, 2025, no. 13, p. 854. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms1304085.

14. Veselovsky V., Romanov M., Zoruk P., Larin A., Babenko V., Morozov M., Strokach A., Zakharevich N., Khamidova S., Danilova A., Vatlin A., Pavshintsev V., Chenguang F., Tsybizov D., Mitkin N., Galanova O., Zakharenko A., Golokhvast K., Klimina K. Comparative evaluation of sequencing platforms: Pacific Biosciences, Oxford Nanopore Technologies, and Illumina for 16S rRNA-based soil microbiome profiling. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2025, vol. 16, p. 1633360. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1633360.