Elements of fertility and productivity of arable land depending on the soil tillage system
https://doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2020-1-1
Abstract
The effect of basic tillage systems on fertility elements and arable land productivity in the cultivation of crops was studied. Research took place in 2017–2019 in a stationary experiment on the dark grey forest loamy soil of the Northern Trans-Urals. The observations were carried out during the seventh rotation of the grain-fallow crop rotation, namely bare fallow – winter rye – spring wheat – spring wheat – spring barley, spread in time and space. Moldboard, non-moldboard, combined, differentiated, minimum combined, stubble-mulch and surface soil tillage systems were studied. Various basic tillage systems did not affect significantly the agrophysical properties of soil during the research period with favorable precipitation conditions. At a very low N–NO3 content, tillage did not have a large effect on the availability of the arable layer. Favorable conditions for phosphorus nutrition in the soil layer of 0–20 cm were formed by combined and surface soil tillage systems. The Р2О5 content with these systems was higher than with moldboard tillage, in the spring by 20.6–24.4%, in the autumn by 6.6–14.3%. Non-moldboard and stubblemulch tillage systems reduced the content of Р2О5 compared to the moldboard by 19.0–23.3%. The most stable positive results for grain yield from 1 ha of crop rotation area without fertilizers were obtained with moldboard (1.88 t/ha) and combined (1.84 t/ha) tillage systems. The yield of grain with the use of resource-saving tillage systems and with fertilizers was almost equal to moldboard system. The difference in productivity generally did not exceed 5%. Moreover, grain yield was 0.03–0.17 t/ ha higher when applying minimum combined tillage alternated with plowing and disk plowing, or when using stubble-mulch tillage than with moldboard system.
About the Authors
N. V. Perfilyev
Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture for Northern Trans-Ural Region - Branch of Tyumen Scientific Centre of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Doctor of Science in Agriculture, Head Researcher
2, Burlaki street, Moskovskiy, Tyumen, 625501
O. A. Vyushina
Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture for Northern Trans-Ural Region - Branch of Tyumen Scientific Centre of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Researcher
Tyumen
References
1. Garmashev V.M., Turusov V.I., Gavrilova S.A. Izmenenie svoistv chernozema obyknovennogo pri razlichnykh sposobakh osnovnoi obrabotki [Change of properties of ordinary chernozem at various ways of the basic processing]. Zemledelie [Zemledelie], 2014, no. 6, pp. 17–19. (In Russian).
2. Pykhtin I.G., Gostev A.V., Nitchenko L.B., Plotnikov V.A. Teoreticheskie osnovy effektivnogo primeneniya sovremennykh resursosberegayushchikh tekhnologii vozdelyvaniya sel'skokhozyaistvennykh kul'tur [The theoretical basis for the effective use of modern resource-saving technologies for the cultivation of crops]. Zemledelie [Zemledelie], 2016, no. 6, pp. 16–19. (In Russian).
3. Kurachenko N.L., Kolesnikov A.S. Vliyanie obrabotki pochvy na agrofizicheskoe sostoyanie chernozema i produktivnost' yarovoi pshenitsy [Influence of soil processing on chernozem agrophysical state and spring wheat productivity]. Sibirskii vestnik sel'skokhozyaistvennoi nauki [Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science], 2018, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 44–50. (In Russian). DOI: 10.26898/0370-8799-2018-1-6
4. Vlasenko A.N., Vlasenko N.G. Vliyanie tekhnologii No-till na soderzhanie pitatel'nykh elementov v chernozeme vyshchelochennom lesostepi Zapadnoi Sibiri [Influence of No-till technology on the content of nutrients in leached chernozem of forest-steppe of the Western Siberia]. Zemledelie [Zemledelie], 2016, no. 3, pp. 17–19. (In Russian).
5. Kiryushin V.I. Problema minimizatsii obrabotki pochvy: perspektivy razvitiya i zadachi ispol'zovanii [The problem of minimization of soil cultivation: prospects and challenges in research]. Zemledelie [Zemledelie], 2013, no. 7, pp. 3–6.
6. Perfil'ev N.V. Nauchnye osnovy optimizatsii sistemy obrabotki temno-seroi lesnoi pochvy v Severnom Zaural'e [Scientific basis for optimizing the processing system of dark gray forest soil in the Northern Trans-Urals]. Tyumen': Izdatel'stvo NIISKh Severnogo Zaural'ya [Tyumen: Publishing House of Research Institute of Agriculture of Northern Trans-Urals], 2014. 308 p. (In Russian).
7. Kambulov S.I., Rykov V.B., Trubilin E.I., Demina E.B., Kolesnik V.V. Vliyanie tekhnologii obrabotki pochvy na vlagoobespechennost' obrabatyvaemogo [Influence of the technology of tillage on the moisture of the processed layer]. Politematicheskii setevoi elektronnyi nauchnyi zhurnal Kubanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta [Polythematic Online Scientific Journal of Kuban State Agrarian University], 2018, no. 135, pp. 50–57. (In Russian).
8. Perfil'ev N.V., V'yushina O.A. Vliyanie osnovnoi obrabotki na vodnyi rezhim temno-seroi lesnoi pochvy v Severnom Zaural'e [Effect of basic cultivation on water regime of dark grey forest soil in Northern Trans-Ural Region]. Sibirskii vestnik sel'skokhozyaistvennoi nauki [Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science], 2013, no. 3, pp. 33–40. (In Russian).
9. Postnikov P.A., Popova V.V., Vasina O.V. Plotnost' seroi lesnoi pochvy v zavisimosti ot sposobov osnovnoi obrabotki [Density of grey forest soil depending on the basic tillage methods]. Vladimirskii zemledelets [Vladimir Agricolist Journal], 2017, no. 4 (82), pp. 8–10. (In Russian).
10. Konishchev A.A., Garifullin I.I., Perfil'ev N.V., V'yushina O.A. Issledovanie vzaimodeistviya «optimal'noi plotnosti» pochvy s urozhainost'yu zernovykh kul'tur [The interaction of soil “optimum density” with grain productivity]. Agrofizika [Agrophysics], 2017, no. 4, pp. 16–24. (In Russian).
11. Tagirov M.Sh., Sharipova G.F. Izmenenie agrokhimicheskikh kharakteristik serykh lesnykh pochv pod vliyaniem razlichnykh faktorov [Change of gray forest soil agrochemical characteristics under the influence of various factors]. Vestnik Kazanskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta [Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University], 2014, no. 1 (31), pp. 153–156. (In Russian).
12. Sharkov I.N. Minimizatsiya obrabotki i ee vliyanie na plodorodie pochvy [Minimization of soil cultivation and its influence on fertility]. Zemledelie [Zemledelie], 2009, no. 3, pp. 24–28. (In Russian).
13. Shevchenko N.V. Izmenenie elementov plodorodiya chernozema tipichnogo v zavisimosti ot sposobov osnovnoi obrabotki pochvy [Change in fertility elements of typical chernozem, depending on the methods of basic tillage]. Vestnik Kurskoi gosudarstvennoi sel'skokhozyaistvennoi akademii [Vestnik of Kursk State Agricultural Academy], 2015, no. 5, pp. 57–59. (In Russian).
14. Danilov A.N., Letuchii A.V., Shagiev B.Z. Vliyanie udobrenii i obrabotki pochvy na elementy ee plodorodiya i urozhainost' yarovoi pshenitsy na chernozemakh Povolzh'ya [The influence of fertilizers application and tillage on the elements of soil fertility and yield productivity of spring wheat on black soils of Volga area]. Niva Povolzh'ya [Volga Region Farmland], 2015, no. 3 (36), pp. 46–53. (In Russian).
Review
For citations:
Perfilyev N.V., Vyushina O.A. Elements of fertility and productivity of arable land depending on the soil tillage system. Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science. 2020;50(1):5-12. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2020-1-1
Views:
406
Email this article 