Adaptation of wheat varieties to hyperthermia, chloride salinity and Bipolaris sorokiniana Shoem. infection
https://doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2020-6-2
Abstract
The adaptive responses of 10-day-old seedlings of wheat varieties Novosibirskaya 44, Novosibirskaya 18, Sibirskaya 21, and Omskaya 18 were studied simultaneously to several stress factors of the environment in model laboratory vegetation experiments. Changes in growth indicators, accumulation of wet and dry biomass, permeability of cell membranes according to the specific electric conductivity of leaves and the index of disease development were studied under separate and combined action of the pathogen of common root rot Bipolaris sorokiniana (5000 conidia per grain), chloride salinity (1.3%), and hyperthermia of seeds (43 ºС). Separate action of B. sorokiniana and chloride salinity on wheat seedlings mainly caused a decrease in adaptive capacity and loss of cultivar resistance: a decrease in growth to 57.2%, a decrease in biomass to 37.2%, an increase in electric conductivity up to 5.7 times and an index of disease development up to 180.7%. Sibirskaya 21 variety is the most resistant to the pathogen, and Omskaya 18 is the most resistant to chloride salinity. Two types of adaptive reactions were formed with the simultaneous action of stressors. An increase in the negative effect of stressors (loss of resistance, susceptibility) was found in Novosibirskaya 18 variety, and the compensation of the negative effect of stressors (the acquisition of resistance, tolerance) was found in the Sibirskaya 21 variety. Preliminary hyperthermia of seeds increased the resistance of seedlings (in the form of cross-adaptation) to the subsequent separate and combined action of chloride salinity and B. sorokiniana: a decrease in the specific electric conductivity to 56.2%, the index of disease development to 1.6 times, inhibition of biomass accumulation and growth up to 5.2 times. The varietal specificity of the formation of adaptive reactions under the combined action of stressors was revealed. The protective effect of hyperthermia during the subsequent action of salinity and pathogen is most evident in Novosibirskaya 44 and Sibirskaya 21 varieties.
About the Authors
T. A. Gurova
Siberian Federal Scientific Center of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Candidate of Science in Agriculture, Laboratory Head
PO Box 463, SFSCA RAS, Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk Region, 630501
E. A. Svezhintseva
Siberian Federal Scientific Center of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Junior Researcher
Novosibirsk region, Krasnoobsk
N. A. Chesnochenko
Siberian Federal Scientific Center of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Researcher
Novosibirsk region, Krasnoobsk
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For citations:
Gurova T.A., Svezhintseva E.A., Chesnochenko N.A. Adaptation of wheat varieties to hyperthermia, chloride salinity and Bipolaris sorokiniana Shoem. infection. Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science. 2020;50(6):12-25. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2020-6-2
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