Trends in machinery availability in Agro-Industrial Complex of Omsk region
https://doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2021-1-13
Abstract
The results of the analysis on the assessment of technical equipment of agricultural producers with mobile power facilities and technological machines depending on the area of cultivated crops in the Omsk region are presented. The state statistics data of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of Omsk Region were studied for the period of 2008-2020. The total cultivation area of the region is 2881.2 thousand hectares. There was a slight decrease in the area under grain crops by 2.9 thousand hectares, under fodder crops by 75.2 thousand hectares, or by 0.14 and 13.2%, respectively. A significant change in the quantitative composition of the machine and tractor fleet is shown. An annual reduction in the number of tractors, forage harvesters and grain harvesters was noted. The number of tractors decreased by 2811 units, or by 26.6%. As of December 2020, the operation of 30.6% of grain harvesters and 56.7% of self-propelled forage harvesters does not exceed 10 years. A decrease in the number of agricultural tractors is connected with the use of a minimum tillage technology, a reduction in energy costs and funds for carrying out agrotechnical operations in comparison with traditional technology. Reducing the number of tractors and combines leads to an increase in the average load on the machine. This tendency leads to increasing the terms of the main agrotechnical operations, which affects the quantity and quality of the final product. The determination of the optimal composition of the tractor fleet should be carried out for each specific farm, taking into account local conditions, the structure of economic activity and its specialization.
About the Authors
M. S. Chekusov
Omsk Agricultural Scientific Center
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Maksim S. Chekusov, Candidate of Science in Engineering, Associate Professor
Omsk
A. A. Kem
Omsk Agricultural Scientific Center
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Aleksandr A. Kem, Candidate of Science in Engineering, Lead Researcher
26 Academician Korolev Avenue, Omsk, 644012
E. M. Mikhal'tsov
Omsk Agricultural Scientific Center
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Evgenii M. Mikhaltsov, Candidate of Science in Engineering, Lead Researcher
Omsk
A. N. Shmidt
Omsk Agricultural Scientific Center
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Andrei N. Schmidt, Junior Researcher
Omsk
References
1. Pustovalova K.A. Formation of the machine and tractor fleet in the regional agro-industrial complex. Novoe slovo v nauke i praktike: gipotezy i aprobatsiya rezul'tatov issledovaniya = A new word in science and practice: hypotheses and approbation of research results, 2017, no. 28, pp. 172–176. (In Russian).
2. Dzuganov V.B., Dzuganova M.A. Condition assessment and development of regional technical equipment and agrarian and industrial complex. Fundamental'nye issledovaniya = Fundamental Research, 2016, no. 8–1, pp. 134–138. (In Russian).
3. Leshchenko G.S. Technical provision of agriculture at the present stage. Molodoi uchenyi = Young Scientist, 2015, no. 20 (100), pp. 252– 254. (In Russian).
4. Kulov A.R., Solov'eva N.E. The state of technical provision of the agricultural industry and the tendency of its development at the present stage. Nauchnyi rezul'tat. Ekonomicheskie issledovaniya = Research Result. Economic Research, 2017, vol. 3, no. 2, (In Russian).
5. Solodilov A.V. Agro-industrial complex of Russia under sanctions: modern state and prospects of development. Vestnik moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta. Seriya Ekonomika = Bulletin of the Moscow Region State University. Series: Economics, 2016, no. 2, pp. 30–37. (In Russian).
6. Samarukha V., Tyapkina M. Agricultural technical equipment. Ekonomika sel'skogo khozyaistva Rossii = The Economy of Agriculture in Russia, 2020, no. 6, pp. 31–36. (In Russian).
7. Dokin B.D., Stepchuk S.A., Elkin O.V. Justification of the choice of technologies and technical means for the cultivation of grain crops in Siberia. Vestnik Novosibirskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta = Bulletin of Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, 2013, no. 1 (26), pp. 111–118. (In Russian).
8. Lebedev A.T., Arzhenovskii A.G. Improvement of efficiency of the machine and tractor units use. Tekhnicheskii servis mashin = Machinery Technical Service, 2019, no. 1, pp. 46–52. (In Russian).
9. Polyakov G.N., Shukhanov S.N. State and tendencies of technical support of agriculture of the Irkutsk region. Izvestiya Mezhdunarodnoi akademii agrarnogo obrazovaniya = Izvestia International Academy of Agricultural Education, 2019, no. 45, pp. 52–57. (In Russian).
10. Ivanova S.V. The best available technologies in Siberian agricultural industry. Tekhnosfernaya bezopasnost' = Technosphere safety, 2016, no. 1 (1), pp. 59–67. (In Russian).
11. Yakovlev N.S., Nazarov N.N. Technical equipment of techniques for grain crop cultivation. Vestnik Novosibirskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta = Bulletin of Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, 2017, vol. 47, no. 3 (256), pp. 68–75. (In Russian).
12. Dokin B.D., Elkin O.V., Lapchenko E.A. Provision of technical support for timely cultivations of Siberia. Sel'skokhozyaistvennye mashiny i tekhnologii = Agricultural Machinery and Technologies, 2015, no. 3, pp. 30–33. (In Russian).
13. Nazarov N.N., Milaev P.P. Engineering design of agricultural technologies for crop production. Novosibirsk: SFNTsA RAN, 2019, 255 p. (In Russian).
14. Khramtsov I.F., Koshelev B.S Development of agricultural science in Omsk region. Omsk: LITERA, 2015, 588 p. (In Russian).
15. Semin A.N., Iovlev G.A. A comparative effectiveness analysis of functioning foreign and domestic agricultural machinery. Ekonomika sel'skokhozyaistvennykh i pererabatyvayushchikh predpriyatii = Economy of Agricultural and Processing Enterprises, 2018, no. 5, pp. 17–21. (In Russian).
Review
For citations:
Chekusov M.S., Kem A.A., Mikhal'tsov E.M., Shmidt A.N. Trends in machinery availability in Agro-Industrial Complex of Omsk region. Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science. 2021;51(1):110-117. https://doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2021-1-13
Views:
294
Email this article 