Evaluation of the new varieties and promising lines of spring barley for protein and lysine content in competitive variety trials

The article presents the results of the analysis of biochemical composition of new varieties and promising lines of spring barley isolated in the competitive variety trial, studied in the experimental field of the Povolzhsky Scientific Research Institute of Selection and Seed Growing named after P.N. Konstantinov in 2020–2022. As a result of the study, a group of high-yielding and high-protein barley with improved fodder value was identified: three varieties, one of which is on the State Variety Trial, and four promising lines. The range of variation of the protein content in grain in these varieties and lines was from 11.2 to 13.5%, lysine – from 0.3 to 0.4%, weight of 1000 grains – from 39 to 47 g. In the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region in dry years, barley varieties and promising lines had the maximum indices of protein (14.1%) and essential amino acid lysine (0.4%). According to the data obtained, the highest protein content was observed in the promising line Submedicum 2338/01: an average of 13.5%, an increase of 11% in relation to the standard variety Berkut. The maximum protein harvest averaged 4.4 c/ha, lysine – 0.12 c/ha with an average yield of 34.0 c/ ha. The above-mentioned indicators were recorded in the new variety Povolzhsky Priz. The promising line Nutans 2294/01 was more productive in terms of yield (35.5 c/ha), but was inferior to the new variety in terms of protein and lysine content in grain, although it exceeded the standard in terms of protein yield per 1 ha by 19%, lysine – by 20%. When evaluating the parameters of the natural weight and 1000 grain weight in the studied samples, the new variety Povolzhsky Yantar and the promising line Submedicum 2352/06 stood out: their average natural weight over the years of study amounted to 669 and 666 g/l, respectively, with the weight of 1000 grains 46–47 g. The selected lines and new varieties, regardless of weather conditions, were able to provide high-protein grain for fodder purposes, while maintaining good yields.

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