Diagnostics of adaptive and productive properties of Linum usitatissimum L. in various agroecological zones of the Tyumen region

The article presents the results of testing the fiber flax varieties (G1, Tomsky-16), (G2, Grant), (G3, Alizee), (G4, Betertelsdorf 6884/60), (G5, Dukat), (G6, Mayak) for four traits (yield of straw, flax straw, fiber, seeds) and adaptability. The agroecological study of fiber flax varieties was carried out in two environmental conditions of the Tyumen region (E1 – northern forest-steppe, Omutinsky district, 56°45' N, 67°70' E, E2 – taiga, Tobolsk district, 58°11' N 68°15' E). Reliable differences (p < 0.05; p < 0.01) in productivity were established between the varieties. The maximum straw yield (563.3 ± 8.45 – 466.9 ± 10.30 g/m2) was revealed in genotypes G1, G3 under E2 conditions, the yield of flax straw – G3, G1 (504.2 ± 15.32 – 391.2 ± 10.44 g/m²) in E2, the yield of fiber – G3 (300.4, ± 4.61 g/m²) in E2, the yield of seeds – G1, G6 (88.1 ± 3.60 – 87.5 ± 1.18 g/m²) in the E2 environment, while in two points high yield of straw and flax straw was noted in G1 and G3. According to the analysis of variance, the contribution of the genotype to the overall variability of straw (54.8%) and seed (61.2%) yields in the E2 environment was reliably significant (p < 0.05; p < 0.01); environmental conditions influenced the formation of seed yields in both ecological points (36.1–29.8%). It was revealed that in the structure of genotype-environment interaction, the first two principal components (IPCA) determined 69.9% of the variation in straw yield, 81.8% of the flax straw yield, 81.5% of the fiber yield, 86.8% of the seeds yield in these environmental conditions. Using the selection index (GSI), the most stable genotypes were identified in terms of straw yield (E1 – G1, G3; E2 – G1, G2), flax straw (E1 – G1, G3; E2 – G1, G3), f iber (E1 – G1; E2 – G3), and seeds (E1 – G4, G6; E2 – G1, G6). The genotypes that showed high yield and stability according to the complex analysis can be recommended for use in adaptive selection, as well as for cultivation in the studied agroecological points of the Tyumen region.

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