Quality of distribution of liquid forms of mineral fertilizers over the working surface

The materials on the assessment of the quality of the distribution of liquid mineral fertilizers over the working area during their surface application, taking into account the installation of sprayers at various levels relative to the distribution rod, are presented. It has been found that the unevenness expressed by the coefficient of variation can reach 20% or more, which reduces the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers to 45–50%, phosphorus fertilizers to 15–20%. One of the main reasons for its appearance is the installation of sprayers at the same level in the horizontal plane. It has been determined that when using large-droplet sprayers of the deflector type, the spray flares that occur at the same level create additional volumes of the sprayed preparation at the place of their docking, exceeding the main background by 25–70%. As a result, a highly concentrated nitrogen-phosphorus content of the batteries strip that does not meet the basic agrotechnical requirement for uniformity of distribution of the sprayed preparation over the working surface is formed. The step of placement of the deflector sprayers for the introduction of the press is justified – 0.5; 0.75  and 1.0 m at a pressure of 0.1; 0.2 and 0.3 MPa in the system. In this case, an overlap of the interacting spray patterns at a level exceeding 50% of their capture width, and the uneven application of fertilizers is minimal (not higher than 7%) using a multi-level installation of sprayers relative to the distribution rod is formed. It has been found that the quality of the distribution of the working fluid largely depends on the step of the arrangement of the sprayers on the rod and to  a lesser extent on the pressure in the system and the diameter of the sprayers. While, the quality of distribution will increase if the system pressure and the diameter of the holes of the sprayers are simultaneously at the upper or lower levels of their values.

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