RESISTANCE TO EARLY FROSTS AND MAXIMUM WINTER FROST RESISTANCE IN APPLE TREES OF DIFFERENT GENOTYPES
Abstract
There were studied different genotypes of apple trees (forms of Siberian crab apple Malus baccata (L.)Borkh. and Malus baccata _ Malus domestica hybrids) as to winter hardiness components under conditions of artificial climate. The objects of the study were apple varieties bred in Buryatia, Krasnoyarsk, Novosibirsk, and Canada as well as four forms of Siberian crab apple grown in Irkutskiy, Cheremkhovskiy, and Zalarinskiy Districts of Irkutsk Region and isolated in the territory of Buryatia. The one-year branches of apple trees belonging to the genotypes chosen were used as the material for research. The material was kept at the temperature of -10oC before carrying out the experiments. There was applied the method for simulating climatic conditions. The artificial freezing was conducted in the low-temperature chamber at the temperatures from -70oC to +80oC during 24 hours. The biological experiments were replicated 3 times. Resulting from research, all the forms of Siberian crab apple showed high resistance according to the winter hardiness components studied. The other varieties investigated were divided into three groups: 1) without damages (Dobrynya, Pervenets Buryatii); 2) small damages to the wood, bark and cambium (Krasa Buryatii, Slava Buryatii, Dubrovinka, Komsomolets Buryatii); 3) high extent of frost damage to the vegetative organs (Melba, Lada,Krasnaya Grozd). The varieties from the first and second groups, growing in the gardens and farms of Buryatia and Irkutsk Region, successfully overwinter.
About the Authors
M. A. RACHENKO
Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, SB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
132, Lermontova St, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
Candidate of Science in Biology, Senior Researcher
M. V. BAKHANOVA
Buryat State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
24A, Smolina St, Ulan-Ude, 670000, Russia
Candidate of Science in Biology, Associate Professor
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Review
For citations:
RACHENKO M.A., BAKHANOVA M.V. RESISTANCE TO EARLY FROSTS AND MAXIMUM WINTER FROST RESISTANCE IN APPLE TREES OF DIFFERENT GENOTYPES. Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science. 2017;47(4):20-25. (In Russ.)
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