The effectiveness of combined application of soil herbicide Command, EC at a dose of 0.02 ml/m² and organomineral fertilizers Rostok and Stimulife was studied for cultivation of tobacco seedlings in the conditions of central zone of Krasnodar Territory. Earlier studies established the inhibitory effect of herbicide Command, EC at the initial stage of plant growth. To remove the toxic impact and improve the growth processes of tobacco, research was carried out in the greenhouse and field periods. Fertilizers Rostock and Stimulife were applied before seeds were sown at the doses of 1.0 and 5.0 ml/m² , respectively, and twice more with irrigation water 2 and 4 weeks after seeds were sown at the rate of 1 l/m 2 alongside herbicides with the optimal supply of nutrients: NH₄ – 10 mg/100 g and NO₃ – 25, P – 30 and K – 35 mg/100 g. This protection against weeds made it possible not only to reduce the toxic effect of a chemical herbicide, but also to increase the quality characteristics of tobacco. Agrochemicals increased the length of plants from the root collar to the growth point by 22–32%, to the end of leaf tips by 20–36%, the weight of the aboveground parts of plants by 39–52%, and the mass of the root system by 41–69%. The yield of standard seedlings increased by 23%. Seedlings planted in the field developed better due to the effect of prolonged action of high-quality seedlings under the influence of Rostock and Stimulife preparations, which subsequently led to a significant increase in yield by 19–22% (НСР₀₅ = 1.88). The fertilizers used improved the quality of raw tobacco by increasing the content of carbohydrates and reducing proteins.

The adaptive responses of 10-day-old seedlings of wheat varieties Novosibirskaya 44, Novosibirskaya 18, Sibirskaya 21, and Omskaya 18 were studied simultaneously to several stress factors of the environment in model laboratory vegetation experiments. Changes in growth indicators, accumulation of wet and dry biomass, permeability of cell membranes according to the specific electric conductivity of leaves and the index of disease development were studied under separate and combined action of the pathogen of common root rot Bipolaris sorokiniana (5000 conidia per grain), chloride salinity (1.3%), and hyperthermia of seeds (43 ºС). Separate action of B. sorokiniana and chloride salinity on wheat seedlings mainly caused a decrease in adaptive capacity and loss of cultivar resistance: a decrease in growth to 57.2%, a decrease in biomass to 37.2%, an increase in electric conductivity up to 5.7 times and an index of disease development up to 180.7%. Sibirskaya 21 variety is the most resistant to the pathogen, and Omskaya 18 is the most resistant to chloride salinity. Two types of adaptive reactions were formed with the simultaneous action of stressors. An increase in the negative effect of stressors (loss of resistance, susceptibility) was found in Novosibirskaya 18 variety, and the compensation of the negative effect of stressors (the acquisition of resistance, tolerance) was found in the Sibirskaya 21 variety. Preliminary hyperthermia of seeds increased the resistance of seedlings (in the form of cross-adaptation) to the subsequent separate and combined action of chloride salinity and B. sorokiniana: a decrease in the specific electric conductivity to 56.2%, the index of disease development to 1.6 times, inhibition of biomass accumulation and growth up to 5.2 times. The varietal specificity of the formation of adaptive reactions under the combined action of stressors was revealed. The protective effect of hyperthermia during the subsequent action of salinity and pathogen is most evident in Novosibirskaya 44 and Sibirskaya 21 varieties.

The results of studying the influence of growth media of different compositions on the growth and development of healthy microplants of potato variety Antonina in laboratory conditions in vitro are presented. Six compositions of Murashige and Skoog culture medium were considered: standard according to the recipe modified for micropropagation (control); with a reduced content of mineral components (up to 1/2 and 1/3); with an increased content of agar-agar (10 g/l); with a reduced content of agar-agar (4 g/l), and modified by the addition of 3 mg/l giberrellic acid and 1 mg/l indoleacetic acid. The following parameters of cultivated plants were studied: plant length, root presence, number of internodes, total plant weight, leaf weight, root weight, leaf surface area. The use of growth media with a reduced content of mineral components led to an increase in the length of the plants under study by 8–9%, a decrease in the number of internodes by 0.49–0.85 pcs/plant, an increase in the mass of the root system by 23% and a decrease in the mass of the shoot due to reduced leaf mass by 16–31%, as well as a decrease in the total leaf surface area by 21–30%. When growing plants on a growth medium with an increased content of agar-agar, the following changes were observed: a decrease in the length of plants by 13%, a decrease in the mass of the root system by 8%, a decrease in the shoot mass due to reduced leaf mass by 11% and stem mass by 17%. Plants grown on a growth medium with a low content of agar-agar had a shorter stem length (by 12%), a lower number of internodes (by 0.93 pcs/ plant), a lower mass of root system and leaves by 31% and 11%, respectively, compared to the control. In this variant, the rate of rhizogenesis was also reduced. With the addition of giberrellic and indoleacetic acid to the growth medium, the plants demonstrated a significant increase in length by 32%, a decrease in the root mass by 77%, and a decrease in the shoot mass due to reduced leaf mass by 58% and stem mass by 33%. The total leaf surface area was 34% lower than the control values. In order to accelerate micropropagation of healthy Antonina potato plants and prepare the plants for replanting to an aero-hydroponic system, Murashige and Skoog medium modified for micropropagation proved to be the best option among the tested growth media. In order to keep this variety in the in-vitro collection, it is recommended to use the MS growth medium with a low agar-agar content.

The paper presents the results of creating a material for obtaining an early ripening variety of fiber flax for cultivation in Siberia, characterized by high-quality fiber and a high degree of adaptability to external environmental factors, resistance to lodging and diseases. Twelve promising hybrids were studied, the maternal lines of which were represented by Tomsk varieties Tomskiy 16, Tomskiy 17, Tomskiy 18 and TOST 5, and the paternal lines – by Belgian selection varieties Marilyn, Suzanne and Hermes. Field studies were carried out in the subtaiga zone of Tomsk region and were preceded by spring and winter grain crops. Natural and climatic conditions corresponded to the needs of fiber flax for the cultivation of early and mid-ripening varieties. The resulting hybrid material was sown from 2013 in a selection nursery by pit planting on a specially prepared soil with a feeding area of 2.5 × 2.5 cm. In 2017–2019 hybrid lines were kept in nurseries of the second and third years of breeding. The hybrid lines’ potential was studied during the years which were different by meteorological conditions. Based on the results of this work, three tall hybrids were identified that had statistically significant differences with Tomskiy 16 standard and exceeded it by 5.8–7.6 cm in total height and 4.4–9.5 cm in the technical length of the stem. Nine hybrids showed high fiber content, exceeding the standard by 2.8-4.2%. These promising hybrid lines of fiber flax are recommended for use in the breeding process for high rates of maturity, productivity, fiber quality, adaptability to external environmental factors and resistance to lodging and diseases.

The results of studying biological properties and productivity of introduced varieties of common raspberry are presented. Objects of research were varieties of common raspberries (Rubus idaeus L.) Arochnaya, Prelest, Persik, Novost Kuzmina, Marlboro, Vislukha, Kaliningradskaya. Variety Novost Kuzmina adapted to local conditions was used as a control. The studies were carried out in 2016–2018 in a fruit and berry garden. Band planting pattern was used 3.0 × 0.5 m. Agrotechnology applied is generally accepted in the area with bending and heeling in shoots with a layer of earth or humus in late autumn. The study was carried out according to the generally accepted method. On average, over the years during the study period, raspberry varieties entered the phase of the beginning of the growing season in early – mid-May (May 6–16) with a sum of positive temperatures of 79.3–121.3º. The earliest budding time was observed for Marlboro variety. Raspberry flowering began in the third part of June, 39–44 days after the start of the growing season. The flowering period of the studied varieties is extended. Raspberries ripened in late July. The end of growth was not observed in any varieties. As a result of the collection varietal study of raspberries, a high-yielding variety Prelest (3.6 t/ha) was identified. Varieties Arochnaya and Persik were distinguished as yielding large-sized fruit (105.5–106.8 g/100 berries). These varieties are recommended for cultivation on the personal plots of land, farms and other agricultural enterprises in Central Yakutia and for the use in breeding work as sources of high productivity and large-sized fruit.

The expediency of joint application of methods of multi-criteria decision analysis of (MCDA) and geoinformation systems (GIS) in order to assess the suitability of lands for cultivation of agricultural crops is substantiated. The implementation of this approach will make it possible to partially automate the process of assessing land. The studies were carried out on the territory of ZAO Mirny, Kochenevsky District, Novosibirsk Region (54°56′24″ N, 82°06′12″ E), located in the forest-steppe zone. Taking into account the peculiarities of the territory under consideration, the following criteria were selected for assessing suitability of lands: drainage condition, soils granulometric composition, contrast of soil cover, working areas elevation pattern, humus layer thickness, ploughness, terrain slope angle, exposure of slopes, erosion degree. The sources of spatial information were land management maps, soil and topographic maps, digital elevation model (DEM), SRTM, ultra-high resolution satellite images. The collection and processing of spatial information was carried out in QuantumGIS (QGIS), which has an open modular architecture. ELECTRE TRI and the hierarchy analysis method were selected for the analytical assessment of information within MCDA. For both methods, there are procedures that are integrated with QGIS. With the help of QGIS GIS tools, the land use of a particular agricultural enterprise was divided into working areas, their boundaries and areas were determined. A method for obtaining an attribute database is described for each criterion. An overview of the ELECTRE TRI methods and the hierarchy analysis method is given, and their launch procedures in QGIS are described. The criteria weights were obtained using the hierarchy analysis method (Easy АНР procedure in QuantumGIS), and the main result – the land suitability map (according to the FAO classification) – was obtained using the ELECTRE TRI method (ELECTRE TRI procedure for QuantumGIS). Since the result of the ELECTRE TRI procedure are two decision maps: according to the pessimistic and optimistic scenarios, additional studies were carried out, on the basis of which it was possible to establish that the map obtained according to the optimistic scenario has a greater consistency with the natural conditions of the agricultural enterprise.

The results of modeling the variability of the complex trait "body volume" by linear traits measured on a 10-point scale in accordance with the current instructions for cattle grading of dairy and dairy-beef breeds are presented. The object of research is the complex indicator "body volume" of Irmen type cattle. The exterior of the livestock was evaluated by experts on a collegial basis. The models obtained made it possible to identify a group of exterior features associated with the variability of the studied trait and to identify errors in the work of the evaluators. The tasks were solved using multiple linear, polynomial, power and logarithmic regression models. It was found that multiple linear regression models accurately describe the norm reaction of the body volume response. Residue distribution diagrams made it possible to control the quality of appraisers' assessment and adjust their further work. The logarithmic model was marked as closest to linear. The residues in most cases turned out to be close to zero, which was explained by the low level of variability of the traits used. It was revealed that the use of different levels of power orders in modeling the variability of the body volume in points can lead to the emergence of biologically inexplicable relationships with such linear features as the location of the front teats, the location of the rear teats, attachment of the anterior lobes and the position of the bottom of the udder. The construction of the scatter diagram revealed a high level of variation in the residues and led to the conclusion that it was inexpedient to introduce power series models into the practical work of livestock breeders. The insignificant contribution of the studied linear features to the variation of the complex feature under study is shown. High intra-group variance in the construction of second- and fourth-order polynomial models was reflected in the lowest values of the Fisher criterion.

The ways of increasing efficiency of the factory technology for harvesting fiber flax with threshing stem band from the rolls were studied. The experiment was carried out in stationary conditions with a moisture content of the source material of no more than 16%. A roller threshing device was proposed for separating the seed part of the crop from the stem before feeding stems into the fiber production line. The device ensures threshing of the fiber flax stem band over its entire width without using a separate clamping conveyor. The places where the seed heap descends from the roller threshing device while threshing flax stem band were identified. Quality indicators of the roller threshing device operation were obtained ensuring 100% threshing of the fiber flax band with a band compression force between the rollers of 16 kN. With this method of threshing, damage and crushing of seeds were not noted, the stems were evenly flattened along their entire length. Fractional composition of the threshed heap was determined during threshing of a fiber flax stem band between the rolls of the laboratory sample of a three-roll threshing device: loose seeds (50%), shells of capsules with fruitstalks (47), capsules with seeds (3), heap of leaves and stems (less than 1%). The results of the study in stationary conditions showed the expediency of using roller working bodies to separate the seed part of the crop from the stem part for the technical support of the factory technology for harvesting fiber flax. The use of roller working bodies in the design of threshing devices without a separate clamping conveyor allows to increase the quality and quantity of flax products obtained both in seeds and in fiber due to the improvement of the process of gentle flattening of the stem band between the rollers along its entire width. The concept of this roller threshing device is advisable to use when designing trailers and travelling flax harvesting machines for the implementation of a separate technology for harvesting fiber flax.

The article presents the materials of studying the influence of age and development of replacement heifers on milk production and further lifetime productivity of cows. The economic indicators of milk and lifetime productivity, duration of the use of cows for breeding purposes depending on the age of first calving and live weight were analyzed. The studies were carried out in 2009–2019 in the pedigree breeding unit of Irkutsk region. The indicators of productivity of cows of the black-andwhite breed of the Pre-Baikal type at different ages of first calving (22–28 months) were studied. The material of the work was the information database of animals from the breeding program Selex. Organizational, technological and economic research was carried out according to generally accepted methods. The ways of increasing milk and lifetime productivity of cows, increasing the profitability of dairy production on farms were determined. On the basis of the analysis, the optimal timing of calving and introducing first-calf heifers into the main herd in order to obtain profit was established 22 months from birth with a live weight of 530-540 kg. These cows showed the highest productivity during the first lactation, however, their lifetime productivity proved to be the lowest. The highest lifetime productivity was recorded in cows whose age at the first calving was 27 months; proceeds from sales of additional produce received by the farm amounted to 131191 rubles. It was found that cows whose first calving age was 28 months had a decrease in lifetime productivity (25382 kg/head), the cost of additional produce from these animals was 102577 rubles/head.

The results of the effect of immunomodulating biologically active drugs on the immune response of laboratory animals are presented. To study the processes, a model of experimental Rauscher leukemia was used in mice of pure lines. The morphological changes in the peripheral blood of Bagg Albino C (BALB / c) mice with experimental Rauscher's leukemia after the use of mononuclear stem cell and Subalin preparations were studied. Groups of animals were formed for the experiment: control and three experimental (infected). The animals of the experimental groups were examined simultaneously by intraperitoneal injection of the appropriate biomaterial. It was found that the use of mononuclear stem cells and Subalin does not prolong the life of infected animals. During the observation period, all infected mice died within 11 months. After infection with Rauscher leukemia, a quantitative and qualitative change in blood cells occurs. A shift to the left was noted in the leukogram, eosinophilia and monocytosis were revealed. In the process of experimental reproduction of the chronic form of the disease, the size of the spleen of mice was estimated. An increase in the spleen was observed in the experimental group of animals infected with the Rauscher leukemia virus on the 4th week after infection. It was found that Subalin has a pronounced effect on the leveling of hematological parameters and leukopoiesis in infected mice. In the group where stem cells were used together with the antigen, a slight decrease in the number of lymphocytes and an increase in stab and segmented neutrophils were recorded. In the experimental groups with the use of mononuclear stem cells and Subalin, an increase in young cells in the leukogram was noted.

The effect of the probiotic preparation Vetom 1 was studied on the quantitative indicators of microflora of gastrointestinal tract of pigs of the Large White breed kept at a pig farm. Vetom 1 is a powder for oral administration and rectal administration, containing dry bacterial mass of live spore-forming bacteria of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32424 strain. Based on the analogue principle, experimental and control groups of 10 animals in each were formed. Pigs of the experimental group were given Vetom 1 at a dose of 75 mg/kg of live body weight once a day every day for 15 days. When applied, the concentration of bifidobacteria increased. Vetom 1 did not affect the dynamics of the concentration of lactobacilli, enterobacteria and fungi in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs. Under the influence of the preparation, the correlation dependences between different populations of microorganisms of the gastrointestinal tract of animals changed. Without the use of the probiotic preparation, the concentrations of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria inversely correlated with each other with an average intensity. When using Vetom 1, the populations of these microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs were synergistic in relation to each other and showed a positive correlation dependence of the average intensity. No correlation dependences were found between concentrations of enterobacteria and other studied microorganisms. Without the use of the probiotic preparation, concentrations of bifidobacteria and fungi inversely correlated with each other with a strong intensity. When Vetom 1 was used, the populations of these microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs did not show either synergistic or antagonistic activity among themselves, since the confidence interval of the correlation coefficient equaled zero.

The paper presents the results of coprological studies and complete helminthological autopsies (2015–2019) to identify sources of infection in pigs, parasites of the Nematoda class, Ascaris suum, Oesophagostomum dentatum, Trichocephalus suis, Strongyloides ransomi. A complex drug based on a chemotherapeutic agent (fenbendazole) and medicinal herbs (common wormwood and St. John's wort) was developed, which has a pronounced anthelmintic effect against nematodes and a symptomatic effect on concomitant diseases of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. At the first stage, the study of the effectiveness of the developed preparation was carried out on domestic pigs. The use of the developed agent on two-month-old piglets allows to free the body from worms completely. In four-month-old piglets, it has a 100% detrimental effect on strongyloid, esophagostoma and trichocephalus, 80% – on ascarids. It was noted that with ascariasis, the intensity of the developed agent is 16% higher than that of Ivermec. Both drugs had the same 100% internal efficacy against strongyloidosis, esophagostomosis and trichocephalosis in terms of the percentage of isolated helminths, eggs or larvae in relation to their number before the application of the anthelmintic. The external efficacy of both drugs in terms of the percentage of animals completely freed from helminths after treatment was 80% against ascariasis, and 100% against strongyloidosis, esophagostomosis and trichocephalosis. The therapeutic efficacy of the developed medical and prophylactic agent against helminthiasis of wild pigs was studied on the territory of the hunting farm of the Trans-Baikal Territory. A decrease in the infection of wild pigs due to the use of the drug was recorded: internal efficacy against ascariasis was 50–66%, against strongyloidosis, esophagostomosis and trichocephalosis 100%. External efficacy was 80%, indicating a 20% reduction of disease rate in wild pigs. The agent for the prevention and treatment of pig helminthiases allows to reduce the morbidity of animals and ensure the production of products that are safe in veterinary and sanitary terms.

The results of studying the factors contributing to the spread of opisthorchiasis in Novosibirsk region (1990–2019) are presented. The analysis of the disease incidence among population was carried out on the basis of statistical material from the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing. During the study period, the annual manifestation of opisthorchiasis was noted from 85.7 to 176.5 cases per 100 thousand of population, the average indicator being 125.6. The uneven distribution of morbidity in the administrative districts of the region was revealed. Studies of fish for infestation with opisthorchid metacercariae were carried out in the Novosibirsk reservoir and its tributaries, Berdsky Bay, the river Ob with tributaries. There were 2665 fish specimens of the family Cyprinidae examined. The highest degree of infestation was noted for ide (more than 40%). Metacercariae of opisthorchids of four species were found in the studied fish: Opisthorchis felineus, Metorchisbilis, M. xantosomus and M. spp. The epidemically significant ones are O. felineus and M. bilis. There were 280 specimens of bithyniidae mollusks examined for infestation by opisthorchid larvae in the river Tulka and 497 specimens in the Berdsky Bay (the extensiveness of the invasion was 0.4%). Bithyniidae of the species Bithynia troscheli and Bithynia tentaculata (0.01–3.5 pcs/m²) were found. The limiting ecological factor of the presence of local foci of opisthorchiasis in the Novosibirsk reservoir is a strict hydrological regime. It allows bithyniidae mollusks to survive in winter only in certain places, which are bays of small rivers flowing into the reservoir, at the mouth of which there are sand bars that prevent water from leaving the riverbed during winter discharges of water.