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Drought tolerance of cherry (Cerasus vulgaris Mill.) varieties in the conditions of the southern region
https://doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2025-5-1
Abstract
In recent years, drought and high temperature stress have caused a decrease in the adaptive and productive potential of stone fruit crops in the south of the Russian Federation. The results of a comprehensive assessment of the drought resistance of common cherry varieties (Cerasus Vulgaris Mill.) of different origins in the conditions of the Prikuban horticultural zone of the Krasnodar Territory are presented. The studies were conducted in 2021–2023. The objects were 10 cherry varieties: Krasnodarskaya Sladkaya, Ivanovna, Khodosa, Feya, Timati, Prizvanie, Tamaris, Assol, Svetlaya, Pamyati Evstratova. The planting pattern was 5x3 m, the rootstock – Mahaleb cherry seedlings. The control – Krasnodarskaya sladkaya, a drought-resistant cherry variety of domestic selection. The main physiological indices of cherry varieties were analyzed against the background of stress factors exposure: content of total water, dry matter and water loss in leaves. During the years of research, the cherry varieties were in conditions of insufficient moisture, confirmed by a low hydrothermal coefficient, varying from 0.4 to 1.2 over the years. The average water content of the leaves across the varieties was 60.0%, varying slightly within the range of 57.2 – 62.7%, as evidenced by the coefficient of variation (Cv = 3.5%). Water loss was high, at the level of 11.4%, and varied significantly (Cv = 26.3%) among the varieties from 8.1 (Svetlaya) to 17.0% (Krasnodarskaya sladkaya). The content of dry matter, indicating a certain degree of resistance of the plants to lack of moisture, was 39.9%, while their dynamics by variety depending on the conditions of the year was not significant (Cv = 5.3%). Based on a set of optimal physiological indicators confirming a sufficiently high drought resistance, domestic cherry varieties were identified – Ivanovna, Khodosa, Feya and Prizvanie, which are recommended for creating stable and productive cherry agrocenoses in the southern regions of the Russian Federation.
Supporting agencies: The study was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution " North Caucasian Federal Scientific Centre of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking" (No. 0498-2022-0001).
About the Authors
R. Sh. Zaremuk
Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Rimma Sh. Zaremuk - Chair Professor, Doctor of Science in Agriculture, Professor
Krasnodar
T. A. Kopnina
North Caucasian Federal Scientific Centre of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tatyana A. Kopnina - Researcher, Candidate of Science in Agriculture
address: 39, 40 let Pobedy St., Krasnodar, 350901
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Review
For citations:
Zaremuk R.Sh., Kopnina T.A. Drought tolerance of cherry (Cerasus vulgaris Mill.) varieties in the conditions of the southern region. Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science. 2025;55(5):5-12. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2025-5-1
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