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Phytosanitary and economic justification of the elements of technology for cultivation of spring wheat in the Novosibirsk Ob Region forest-steppe
https://doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2025-5-4
Abstract
The results of three years of research (2021–2023) conducted in the forest-steppe zone of the Novosibirsk region aiming at a comprehensive (phytosanitary, technological, economic) evaluation of the efficiency of pre-sowing seed treatment and application of different predecessors in spring wheat cultivation. The studies were conducted using a two-factor experiment scheme and according to the generally accepted methodology. Dividend Star, SC (application rate – 0.9 l/t) and its tank mixture with an insecticide Kontador Maxi, SC (application rate – 0.5 l/t) were used as the dressing agents. Spring wheat of the Novosibirskaya 31 variety was sown after three predecessors: black fallow, vet- choat mixture for green mass, winter rye for grain. In each year of the study, damage to spring wheat crops by seedling pests (cereal flea beetle and corn flies) exceeded the threshold values. The use of an insecticidal disinfectant showed a biological effectiveness of up to 73.1% against cereal flea beetle and up to 42.7% against corn flies. Analysis of the yield structure elements showed that statistically significant differences in the control variants statistically reliable differences were observed in productive bushiness and number of grains per ear. Dressing had a significantly significant effect only on the number of productive ears (+ 43–49 pcs/m2 or 9.2–10.5%). The highest biological yield of the control variants was obtained with the fallow predecessor – 2.86 t/ha. On average over 3 years, the grain in all the experimental variants (except for the control for winter rye) in terms of quality indicators corresponded to class III grain. On average over 3 years, the highest profitability for the control options was identified when cultivating spring wheat with annual grasses (48.5%). Pre-sowing seed treatment for all the options increased both production profitability and profit per 1 hectare.
About the Authors
E. S. Feshchenko
Novosibirsk State Agrarian University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Egor S. Feshchenko - Post-graduate Student
Novosibirsk
E. Yu. Toropova
Novosibirsk State Agrarian University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Elena Yu. Toropova - Chair Professor, Doctor of Science in Biology, Professor
address: 160, Dobrolyubova St., Novosibirsk, 630039
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Review
For citations:
Feshchenko E.S., Toropova E.Yu. Phytosanitary and economic justification of the elements of technology for cultivation of spring wheat in the Novosibirsk Ob Region forest-steppe. Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science. 2025;55(5):32-41. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2025-5-4
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