Results of breeding for yield and quality of diploid winter rye in the conditions of the West Siberian region

Abstract

The results of research for 2021–2023 on the study of yields, technological and baking properties of the varieties and populations of diploid winter rye to identify the promising samples in the West Siberian region are presented. The varieties Korotkostebelnaya 69, Sibirskaya 87 and four hybrid populations obtained as a result of selection at the Siberian Research Institute of Plant Growing and Breeding were used as the objects of research. The analysis of variance showed that the external conditions have a major impact on the formation of yields, as well as on the technological indicators (weight of 1000 grains, grain unit and height of the amylogram). A slight inter-variety variability in terms of the weight of 1000 grains, grain unit, total baking score and volume of rye bread was noted. It was found that the studied material meets the production requirements in terms of yield, technological and baking properties, despite the lack of moisture during the years of study. The Sibirskaya 87 variety and population 2 exceeded the standard in terms of the following indicators: yields 4.0 and 4.5 t/ha, baking score – 3.3 and 3.4 points, bread volume – 323.3 and 426.7 cm3, grain unit – 702.7 and 719.7 g/l, the falling-number value – 208.7 and 238.7 seconds, respectively, at the optimal height of the amylogram – 650.0 and 693.3 e.a. The appearance of the bread was characterized by a rough crust with a weak gloss, dark brown color, uneven distribution of pores of different sizes in a soft and elastic crumb. Hybrid population 2, which showed good results in the study, was created using varieties of the Russian and foreign selection (Korotkostebelnaya 69, Othello and Alpha), which are distinguished by high baking qualities, which indicates the importance of selecting the source material when planning breeding work.