Production and testing of a biopreparation for plant growing based on chicken manure

Abstract

The article focuses on the problem of poultry manure processing. Biotechnological methods for obtaining a liquid biopreparation for plants based on chicken manure are considered. All studies were conducted at the All-Russian Research Institute of Reclaimed Lands (Tver Region). Based on the results of the experiments, optimal parameters for the process of obtaining a biopreparation using a soft extraction technique were selected. Since many compounds are present in chicken manure in water-soluble form, most of them go into solution during extraction. When using liquid fertilizers, plants receive nutrition in the form of a concentrated solution and such stimulation can be carried out, if necessary, throughout the entire growing season. Chicken manure from a year ago was extracted at a temperature of 70 °C with an aqueous solution of sodium chloride in different concentrations (3, 5 and 7%) and for different durations of exposure (2, 4 and 6 hours). Having studied the obtained extracts, the optimal extraction mode was determined: the ratio of the initial raw material and extractant is 1:10, the concentration of the sodium chloride solution is 5%, the exposure time is 6 hours. When the specified parameters were met, high enzymatic activity was observed in the resulting biopreparation: catalase (2.45 U/ml), cellulase (0.28 μg glucose/0.2 g/day) and invertase (168 mg glucose/g/day). The highest carbohydrate content was also recorded: reducing sugars (0.20%), glucose (0.10%) and fructose (0.23%).  A favorable microflora consortium was identified: the number of mixed microorganisms was 4.0×10⁷ CFU/ml, lactic acid microorganisms – 2.6×10⁵ CFU/ml. The biopreparation effectiveness was determined in a laboratory experiment on seed germination and development of flax plants of the Nadezhda variety. When the flax seeds were treated with the biopreparation, the length of the sprouts reliably increased (by 19.3% at a dose of 5 ml/l, by 16.9% at a dose of 10 ml/l), and by 21.5% at a dose of 15 ml/l), the mass of dry sprouts increased more than 2–3 times (in all dilutions), which proves the effectiveness of the new biopreparation.