The effect of BioVays Sprint and TurMax seed treatment on cellulosolytic activity of leached chernozem under spring wheat in the forest-steppe zone of the Priob'ye region was studied. The experiment was conducted in 2020-2021 in the rhizosphere layer of soil under the Novosibirskaya 31 wheat, which was placed as the second crop after the fallow on the grain forecrop on two backgrounds of nitrogen nutrition - N0 and N60. Cellulosolytic activity of soil was determined by the standard method - by the weight loss of cellulosic cloth introduced into the soil. It was shown that this indicator is influenced by the conditions of the growing season. In 2021, soil cellulosolytic activity in the wheat rhizosphere was higher than in 2020, both in the background without fertilizer application, by 36.6%, and with their application, by 119.54%. Tissue decay increased 1.3-1.4-fold if seeds treated with BioVays Sprint were sown, and 1.3-fold if TurMax was used. On the fertilized background in 2020, the application of TurMax increased the cellulosolytic activity of the soil by 1.6 times, BioVays by 1.3 times. In 2021, seed treatment with BioVays increased the indicator by 2.8 times and with TurMax by 2.2 times. The results obtained do not allow to identify an obvious advantage of one of the two preparations studied, but on their basis, it can be concluded that treatment of seeds with both TurMax and BioVays Sprint is able to increase the cellulolytic activity of the soil, especially against the background of nitrogen fertilizer application.

   According to the presented results of the study, the responsiveness of varieties to the application of different doses of mineral nutrition was more significant compared to the sowing dates. Doses of fertilizers N₆₀P₃₀K₆₀ and N₉₀P₃₀K₆₀ increased the barley yield of varieties Takmak, Abalak, Buyan and a promising sample D-5-7022 by 1,2-1,8 t/ha, weight of 1000 grains by 2-6 g, germination - by 1-4 % as compared to the control (without fertilizers). The Buyan variety exceeded the yield of all the varieties studied by 0.2 t / ha on a fertilized background and in this group proved to be intensive (increase in yield to control - 1.8 t / ha, bi (linear regression coefficient of yield) = 1.34). The yield of the new sample D-5-7025 was 0.3-0.4 t/ha higher than the released varieties in the control without fertilizers. With fertilization the yield of Abalak, Takmak varieties leveled off to an average of 5.68 t/ha at N₆₀P₃₀K₆₀ and to 5.85 t/ha at N₉₀P₃₀K₆₀. They are less demanding to the conditions of cultivation and more plastic. Elements of yield structure, productive stem, ear grain content and 1000 grains weight generally influenced its increase in the second sowing term on intensive agricultural backgrounds. The size of the development of seedlings, as well as the yield was less dependent on the sowing dates, but more on the application of fertilizers. At a dose of N₉₀P₃₀K₆₀ all indicators of seedling development increased by 1.2-2.5 cm compared with the control. The use of optimal sowing date (May 27) with the sum of active temperatures of 182,8^о and the recommended dose of fertilizers N90P30K60 made it possible to increase the yield of barley seeds of Takmak, Abalak, Buyan and the new sample D-5-7022 on average by 20-30 %.

The results of the study of seed morphology from the subgenus Cepa: section Cepa (Mill.) Prokh. - Allium fistulosum L., A. altaiсum Pall., A. galanthum Kar. & Kir., A. oschaninii O. Fedtsch., A. pskemense B. Fedtsch.; section Schoenoprasum Dum. - A. altyncoliсum, A. ledebourianum, A. oliganthum, A. schoenoprasum L.; section Condensatum N. Friesen - A. condensatum are presented. Morphological characters of seeds can be used as additional taxonomic indicators in the identification and distinction of taxa within the subgenus Cepa of the genus Allium. The seeds were 2.74-3.50 mm long and 1.33-2.14 mm wide. The morphometric and optical parameters of seeds were measured by analyzing images using software. Digital images of seeds were obtained using an HP Scanjet 200 digital flatbed scanner, 600 dpi resolution, JPG file format. Morphometric and optical parameters of seeds were determined, including projection area (cm²), length, width, perimeter, mean size (mm), average feret diameter, factors of roundness, elongation, ellipse, indentation (relative units), parameters of brightness, tonality, color saturation (relative units). According to the results of the study, a series of distribution of species in descending order for each of the studied traits are formed. Within the Cepa section, A. pskemense seeds had the maximum linear size, perimeter, and cross-sectional area. Among the representatives of Schoenoprasum section, the maximum length of the seeds was found in A. altyncoliсum. Maximum width, perimeter, cross-sectional area, average feret diameter of the seeds were recorded in A. ledebourianum. In the Cepa section, the average RGB value in descending order was as follows: A. pskemense > A. galanthum > A. fistulosum > altaiсum > A. oschaninii. In the Schoenoprasum section this series has the form: A. schoenoprasum > A. ledebourianum > A. altyncoliсum > A. oliganthum.

   The phytotoxicity of the herbicide Lumax to the hybrid population of corn P 8521, consisting of three active substances: C-metolachlor, terbutylazine and mesotrion, was studied. The studies were conducted in the Primorsky Territory in 2020 and 2021 on 2 backgrounds: clogged and weed-free which was regularly weeded during the growing seasons. The herbicide was applied before germination, in phases 2-3 and 5-6 of corn leaves at consumption rates of 4 (recommended) and 8 l/ha (twice the recommended). The soil of the experimental plots is meadow-brown podzolized, medium loamy, containing 3.8% humus in the arable horizon, PH 5.0-5.9. The herbicide Lumax, applied in the phase of 5-6 leaves, during the growing season had a phytotoxic effect on plants and corn grain yields. A significant decrease in the grain harvest was noted in 2021 when during the II and III ten-day periods of June and July there were only 35 mm of precipitation, while the norm for this period was 187 mm. When applying Lumax herbicide in the phase of 5-6 leaves, the cob length, the number of grains in it, the weight of the cob and grains from it, as well as the weight of 1000 grains significantly decreased.  Corn is more tolerant to Lumax herbicide when used in the 2-3 leaf phase and less tolerant when used in the 5-6 leaf phase.

   The results of phytopathological examination of grain batches of oat zoned varieties Rovesnik and Egorych grown in different areas of the Irkutsk region and harvested in 2015-2016 and in 2020-2021 have been presented. Infestation with micromycetes was determined by the wet chamber method according to GOST 12044-93. The weather conditions during the growing years of the examined oat batches were warm and characterized by a deviation of moisture during the growing season from the norm which led to plants weakening and the reinforced development of phytopathogenic  micromycetes. A high ubiquitous occurrence of fungi from the genus Alternaria has been established. In 2015 the infestation of oat cultivar with Rovesnik fungi from the genus Alternaria ranged from 20 tо 36 %, and that grown in 2016 – from 44 tо 83 %. The variety Egorych in 2016 was infested from 43 tо 91%. In the batches harvested in 2020 and 2021, irrespective to a cultivar, the infestation was from 70 tо 100 % and from 60 tо 98 %, correspondingly. Bipolaris spp. was observed in all the analyzed batches of oat variety Rovesnik in the harvests of 2015 and 2016 with a varying infestation range of 3-12 % and 4-37 %, respectively. The cultivar Egorych harvested in 2016 had the infestation level from 3 tо 87 %. In the harvests of 2020 and 2021, single batches free from Bipolaris spp. were found, but most of them had a degree of infestation, regardless of a variety, of 7-40 % and 3-45 %, respectively, in 2020 and 2021. The occurrence of phytopathogens of the genus Fusarium spp. did not depend on the variety, but it differed greatly in years. In the grain of most batches harvested in 2015-2016, the infestation with micromycetes Fusarium spp. was within the range of 1-24 %, and in the harvest of 2020-2021 the batches with very high infestation with this pathogen prevailed – 23-93 % and 20-67 %, respectively. Single batches were free of Fusarium spp.

   The results of the experiment on the use of fractionated protein-vitamin wheat bran flour (pure and mixed with enzyme preparation produced under Feedbest® trade mark) with particle size 140 microns in the ration of growing quails are presented. The experiment lasting 60 days was conducted according to the generally accepted methodology on quails of the Japanese breed. For the experiment, three similar groups of 80 birds each (one control and two experimental) were formed at one day of age. All groups received a basic diet prepared taking into account the age and physiological characteristics of quails. In the diet of young animals of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups a part of wheat (7%) mixed fodder was replaced by wheat protein-vitamin flour (particle size 140 microns). The quails of the 2nd experimental group were fed protein-vitamin meal with the enzyme preparation Feedbest® P5000 GT designed to increase the bioavailability of phosphorus, mineral elements and amino acids from components of feed for poultry and pigs. The birds were kept in a cage battery under the required microclimate conditions. The effect of feeding experimental additives on the safety of chickens, the intensity of their growth, meat productivity, chemical and amino acid composition of meat (minced meat), hematological parameters was studied. Introduction of protein-vitamin wheat bran meal pure and enzyme preparation Feedbest® P5000 GT into quail mixed fodder increased bird survival by 3.01 %, average daily gain of live weight by 3.09 and 3.44% with almost equal feed expenses per unit production. The fat, calcium and phosphorus content in the meat of poultry fed with wheat bran flour containing phytase increased by 1.17, 1.13 and 1.17 times, respectively. The concentration of calcium and phosphorus in the meat of quail that received flour without enzyme preparation was 1.2 and 1.1 times lower than that of their counterparts that consumed flour with phytase. Biochemical blood parameters of all the experimental chickens remained within the physiological norm.

   The main etiological factor in endometritis is pathogenic and opportunistic pathogenic microflora entering the uterus during the postpartum period, during estrus, artificial insemination with contaminated sperm. A study was carried out to investigate changes in antibacterial sensitivity of microorganisms during therapy after labor purulent-catarrhal endometritis of cows with a preparation containing silver nanoparticles. To study the role of opportunistic pathogenic microflora in the etiology of postpartum purulent-catarrhal endometritis a clinical study of 150 cows in a farm in the Novosibirsk region during mass calving was carried out. Animals were divided into experimental and control groups according to the analogy principle. The control group received fish oil intramuscularly in a dose of 150 ml with oxytetracycline hydrochloride in a dose of 40 mg/kg of live weight once every 48 hours and uteroton intramuscularly in a dose of 10 ml once every 48 hours. The experimental group received intrauterine injections of argovit 10 % aqueous solution at a dose of 100 ml once every 48 h and uteroton intramuscularly at a dose of 10 ml once every 48 h. It was found that the treatment of postpartum purulent-catarrhal endometritis of cows with argovit decreased the average duration of treatment of the disease by 1.8 times compared to the preparation in the control group. When treating postpartum purulent-catarrhal endometritis of cows with argovit, an increase in antibiotic sensitivity of the isolated microflora to 21 drugs (87.5 %) from 1.2 to 100% was found. In the control group, there was a decrease in antibiotic sensitivity of the isolated microflora to 18 (75 %) preparations from - 1.1 to 28.7 %.

   Research on the development of the recipe and technology of potable kissels containing native biologically active substances through the use of rosehip fruits is presented. Five variants of new products from fresh and dried rosehips with the addition of sugar, potato starch, xanthan gum and citric acid were analyzed. It was found that the potable kissels containing at least 21.5 % fresh or 5.37 % dried rosehip fruits were the most appealing. The use of mechanoacoustic equipment in the manufacture of kissels leads to physical and chemical changes in the raw materials (partial destruction of the cell walls, the formation of new coloring substances, etc.), which positively affects the formation of organoleptic characteristics of new products, as well as reduces the technological operations of production and inhibits microorganisms. The consumption of 200 cm³ of new products provides the human body with at least 62% of the daily requirement for ascorbic acid and at least 66 % for β-carotene, as well as dietary fiber of at least 0.6 g and 11 mg of phenolic substances. The shelf life of rosehip potable kissels is 12 months in glass jars at 25 ° C and relative humidity of 75 % or higher and in a place protected from direct sunlight. On the basis of this research, normative and technical documentation for potable rosehip kissels was developed.

   The results of the study of fruits and their products as sources of antioxidant substances (vitamins, organic acids and various phenolic substances) in the human diet are presented. It was found that there is a variation in the biologically valuable substances contained in fruits depending on the place of growth, cultivation and other conditions. The purpose of the study is to assess the feasibility of using traditional for the Siberian region fruit raw materials (cranberry, lingonberry and chokeberry) as the basis for the filling of bakery products. The object of research was fresh wild fruits of cranberry and lingonberry (harvest of 2021, harvested by the Tomsk Regional Consumer Union of the Russian Federation) and chokeberry fruits (variety mix, grown in the Kemerovo region and sold in the consumer market). The organoleptic evaluation of the fillings was carried out on a 5-point scale, total antioxidant activity - by coulometric express method on the device "Express-006- Antioxidants". Based on the studies conducted, it was found that fresh fruits are ranked as follows in terms of antioxidant activity: cranberry > chokeberry > lingonberry. It was found that the indicator "appearance and consistency" of fillings for bakery products is mainly influenced by structural formers, which are ranked as follows: 1.0% agar > 2.0 % pectin > 1.5 % agar > 6.0 % modified starch. The smell and taste of fillings are mainly influenced by the fruit raw material used, and the structure-forming agents are indirectly influenced by them. Total antioxidant activity of bakery fillings depends on the destruction of biologically active substances of fruit during manufacturing, rather than on the used structure-forming agents. The results of these studies will be useful in the creation of functional food products.

   The research and military activities of the Soviet veterinary service in the context of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 are shown. Data on the work of veterinary specialists under wartime conditions to ensure the veterinary and sanitary welfare of the country's livestock and to prevent the wide spread of epizootic diseases and increase the effectiveness of therapeutic measures are provided. The successful evacuation of people, animals and related equipment from the occupied front-line territories is described, followed by the re-evacuation of animals from the liberated areas. At the beginning of the war the military veterinary service in a short time was transferred to a standard wartime mode: the bodies of the fronts and armies veterinary service management were established, as well as the field veterinary institutions. Particular attention was paid to the army's cavalry. 3,555,764 wounded and sick horses were treated at the veterinary clinics of the Red Army, of whom 2,147,494 animals (91.59%) were cured and returned to service. The results of the activities of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in wartime conditions were given. Scientific institutions were asked to review the topics and methods of research work to strengthen the defense and military power and national economy of the country. Veterinary science developed and provided civilian and military services with reliable ways to prevent dangerous infectious and effective care for surgical and non-contagious diseases. The national government's assessment of the work of military, scientific, and civilian veterinary specialists was given. Many of them received state awards for their valorous labor during wartime.

   The main points that determined the necessity and essence of the development of the complex hydrothermal coefficient (HTCc) are given. This method should be considered as a process of improving the hydrothermal coefficient of Selyaninov G.T. The proposed HTCc allows for a more detailed characterization of the territory. The complex HTCc includes two components: the tangential HTCt and the radial HTCr. In the graphical representation of HTCc, it is rational to allocate zones corresponding to HTCt within which to form zones corresponding to HTCr. The distribution of HTCc in the Novosibirsk region is given. The value of the tangential zone interval is chosen constant and is 0.2 mm/degree. The size of the radial zone varies slightly to exclude small formations at the boundaries of the zones. The given map-scheme of agro-landscape zoning of the Novosibirsk region allows to compare it with the distribution of HTCc. A certain similarity between them emphasizes the correspondence of the complex HTCc to those natural processes that determine the development of plants. An example of the application of HTCc when it is displayed on a small-scale map is given. It is shown that when moving in a selected zone of the map of the Russian Federation from north to south the average value of the radial component consistently changes from 70.5 to 155. This corresponds to a change in the conditions for vegetation growth, while the preceding HTC is in the same interval. The transition to a complex HTCc also provides an opportunity to assess the distribution of certain plants on new territories with increasing warming. Based on the provisions of the model determining the development of plants depending on weather conditions, it is possible to identify a set of parameters of a particular plant. These parameters correspond to the optimum values of temperature and precipitation at certain phenological phases of the plant and determine their corresponding climate indicators, and by the proximity of these sets assess the level of favorability of the spread of the plant.

   The results of a field experiment on the effect of microbiological and chemical plant protection agents on the productivity of camelina seeds are presented. The preparations (seed treatment before sowing was made with Extrasol, during vegetation - with insecticide Proteus and fungicide Pictor) were studied against the background of different sowing dates (15-20 May; 25-30 May). As a control, the version without the use of drugs was investigated. The field experiment was laid in quadruple repetition, the plot area was 63 m². The seeding method is row seeding with a seeding rate of 6.0 million germinating seeds/ha. The forecrop is the 1st wheat after fallow. The work was carried out in 2018-2020 in the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan. The object of the study are the seeds and plantings of camelina Isilkulets variety. The soil of the site is chernozem, humus content - 2.50-3.89 %, nitrogen - 30.80-81.20 mg/kg, phosphorus - 11-30 mg/kg, potassium 620-770 mg/kg. The seeds were treated with Extrasol solution at the rate of 2 l (10 l of working solution)/t of seeds on the day of seeding. The optimal seeding date for camelina (May 25-30) and the optimal combination of preparations with seed treatment and spraying of crops with fungicide are recommended. The duration of the growing season of camelina in the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan was revealed, which averaged 72-81 days. High productivity was noted with the microbiological preparation Extrasol (seed treatment) and spraying of crops with fungicide Pictor (11.5-16.0 c/ha). A significant (LSD05 = 0.52) increase in seed yield was 0.77 t/ha. It was found that abundant rains during the growing season contribute to increased development and spread of diseases (fusariosis: R = 14.3-21.5 % and P = 27.5-86.4 %; alternariosis: R = 14.3-20.6 % and P = 25.2-84.3 %).