Results are given from a three-year (2009-2011) study on seven cultivars of winter common wheat T. aestivum L. against two backgrounds differing in humidity (Novosibirsk Region). The Novosibirskaya 3 cultivar of winter common wheat was found to have a good yield potential of 5.21 t/ha. The best conditions for yield formation in the cultivars when sown in mustard hedgerows were in 2009. The determinants in forming yielding capacity of winter wheat under study were the year factor of 70.7%, and cultivar and background factors of 11.9 and 7.1%, respectively. The greatest influence of the year factor is significative of the prevalence of environmental effects and the importance of their influence on the yield phenotypic variability. The significant interaction between the factors indicates that further yield increases can be achieved through the use of adaptive high-producing varieties. The cultivars Novosibirskaya 40, Novosibirskaya 2 and Omskaya 6 showing the value bi > 1 have greater responsiveness to changing their growing conditions than the others. Such cultivars demand higher field management levels, as they are capable of positively responding by increased yields. The Novosibirskaya 3 cultivar is medium-stable, with the coefficient bi close to 1, has good yields and adequate responsiveness to changing growing conditions. The cultivars Novosibirskaya 40 and Novosibirskaya 51 with moderate grain yields showed high stability. The cultivars Novosibirskaya 3 and Obskaya Ozimaya possess high plasticity, and adequately respond to changing environmental conditions. Taking into account a set of such parameters as plasticity, stability and homeostaticity, one can consider Novosibirskaya 3 and Obskaya Ozimaya to be most adaptive among the all cultivars studied.

Results are given from a study on resistance of tomato test varieties and a number of widely used tomato hybrids to local races of cladosporiosis causative agents (Cladosporium fulvum Cooke). The following hybrids bred home and abroad were tested: Ulisse (Syngenta Co); Bella Rosa, Diabolic (Sakata vegetables); Jaguar (Seminis); hybrids of Gavrish Co, as well as hybrids bred at the Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, those were Syurpriz Baikala, Oktyabrenok, Senbernar. The lines possessing a particular resistance gene, Vetomold (Cf-2), PJ 1870021 (Cf-5) and F 7738 (Cf-6), were used as test varieties. Investigations were carried out in 2013, 2014 in heated plastic film greenhouses of Irkutsk Region. During these years, low air humidity resulted in moderate affections of tomato genotypes non-resistant to cladosporiosis. It has been established that the races Cladosporium fulvum, prevailed in the territory of Eastern Siberia, overcome the protection due to the gene Cf-2 of tomato. The genotypes with the resistance genes Cf-5, Cf-6, and Cf-9 were at the same time not affected with cladosporiosis. It was found that a number of hybrids (Imitator, Amur) ere affected with cladosporiosis despite the protection declared by Cf-5. The tomato hybrids Syurpriz Baikala, Senbernar, Oktyabrenok, Taganka, Yakimanka, Bulava, Maidan, Ostozhenka, Mitridat, Blagovest, Gusar were revealed to be promising. They are characterized by high resistance to cladosporiosis, high early and total yields, good eating and keeping qualities.

Based on the storage protein spectra obtained, the individual protein formulas for gliadin-encoding loci in spring soft wheat varieties from the Siberian gene pool were compiled. The material for research was 139 varieties and lines stored in the collection of the Siberian Research Institute of Plant Production and Breeding. The samples were studied in view of expressivity of quantitative traits in 2011-2013. Among the varieties studied, 14 are characterized by the absence of polymorphism at loci that is significative of linearity of a variety. The other varieties were observed to have polymorphism at a number of loci. The cultivars Omskaya 20, Omskaya 24, Saratovskaya 29 and Saratovskaya 58 consisted of two biotypes. Resulting from evaluation of yielding capacity and xpressivity of quantitative traits in the accessions studied, the sources of severe trait expressions were revealed as follows: thousand-kernel weight - Tyumenskaya 80; grain weight per spike - Omskaya 24; stem length - Novosibirskaya 67, Omskaya 20, Saratovskaya 68; yielding capacity - Omskaya 29. The cultivar Omskaya 24 significantly exceeded the average values of the five traits studied (grain weight per spike, the number of grains per spike, the number of spikelets per spike, the number of grains per spikelet). The cultivar Saratovskaya 68 significantly exceeded the average values of the five traits studied (stem length, the number of productive stems, grain weight per plant, the number of grains per plant, the number of grains per spikelet). When comparing the protein formulas and expressivities of quantitative traits in the varieties studied, no correlations between alleles of gliadin-encoding loci and trait expressivities were found.

Results are given from researches into the development of mid-season hulless barley varieties resistant to lodging, diseases and drought, with high and stable yields and good technological qualities of grain. The experimental work was carried out in 1977-2014 in Omsk Region. There were developed two cultivars, Omskiy Golozerny 1 and Omskiy Golozerny 2, and promising breeding material. The characteristic of economic and biological characters and traits of the recognized hulless cultivars is given. There were considered the issues of improved evaluation of Omskiy Golozerny 1 and Omskiy Golozerny 2 hulless cultivars of spring barley permitted for utilization in the tenth region of the Russian Federation. There was discussed the evaluation of hulless cultivars of spring barley as to yielding capacity, protein content, protein per hectare, and grain size. A comparison of the chemical composition of grain in chaffy and hulless barleys was carried out as to basic food components. Hulless barley was found to be superior to chaffy barley in protein content as well as in indispensable amino acid sum. Morphological features of Omskiy Golozerny 1 and Omskiy Golozerny 2 cultivars were described.

The actual parameters of major yield structure elements in potato, and phytosanitary situation during their formation periods were evaluated. Investigations were carried out from 1990 to 2015 in the ten potato-growing farms of Novosibirsk, Kemerovo Regions and Altai Territory. During on-farm trialing, the actual parameters of potato yield structure elements and the frequency of their optimal realization were for the first time established. The density of productive plants varied from 18 to 112 ths units per ha, the average number of stolons per plant from 8.4 to 14.1, the average tuber weight made up about 50 g. The frequency of formation of optimal parameters as to density of productive plants is 37-70%, as to tuber weight 23.5-94, yield 69.4%. There is shown that harmful organism communities are adapted to the critical stages of potato plant development. The density of productive plants is reduced by causative agents of rhizoctoniose, dry fungal and bacterial rots, which caused damage to seedlings and germination failure. The formation of biomass is disturbed by weed plants, with 1.7-5.9 time exceeding the economic threshold of harmfulness as to annual and biennial weeds and 1.9 - 2.5 time exceeding as to perennial weeds, Colorado potato beetle, bacterial and viral diseases, potato late blight, potato early blight, rhizoctoniose, which cause damage and death to stolons (19% on the average). The formation of potato tubers and their quality is disturbed by dry fungal and bacterial rots, potato late blight, rhizoctoniose, corky scab of potato, wireworm.

There was studied the effect of fungi of the genera Trichoderma on the growth processes in tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) grown under conditions of various zinc concentrations in the environment. Zinc was found to have a significant effect on physiological and morphological parameters of tomatoes: it reduced the length of the above-ground part of plants and, in particular, of the root system; decreased accumulation of both fresh and dry biomass by plant; resulted in decreased assimilation areas of the leaves and degradation of the total content of green pigments, and changed the ratio of green and yellow pigment pools. A negative impact of this metal on the tomato plants could be observed at the earliest stages of plant development: increase in the zinc concentration in the environment resulted in reduction in germination energy and germination rate of tomato seeds. It has been shown that a degree of zinc impact on the growth processes depended on its concentration in the environment. The Trichoderma exerted positive influence on the productivity of plants: accumulation of fresh and dry biomass by plants took place; the assimilation areas of the leaves in the plants studied increased. The treatment of tomato seeds with micromycetes stimulated the synthesis of pigments. The fungi of the genera Trichoderma had a significant impact on the growth processes of plants grown under conditions of elevated zinc concentrations. Application of Trichoderma not only reduced the inhibiting action of zinc but also, in certain cases, increased the physiological and morphological parameters of the tomato plants studied. However, the micromycete effect on the growth processes was found to be ambiguous, and it depended on a zinc concentration in the environment, time of its impact, and an age of a plant itself.

There are discussed data on high biological and physiological nutritive value of pine nuts containing full value easily digestible proteins, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins and minor elements. The methodological approaches are described to develop a number of new technologies for producing semi-finished products and foodstuffs from pine nut kernels. Consumers’ preferences are taken into account as one of the basic principles for modeling organoleptic characteristics of the foodstuffs. It is recommended to use a hydromechanical dispersion of pine nut raw material for obtaining homogenous consistency of the foodstuffs. The basic reasons, which determine properties of pine nut products’ consistency, are highlighted. It is suggested to carry out normalization of the chemical composition of polydisperse products as a stabilizing factor. There is given a schematic diagram of development and production of standard products from pine nut raw material by the hydromechanical dispersion method. There is suggested a general scheme of methodological approaches to the production of semi-finished products and foodstuffs from pine nut kernel and pomace.

There is presented the water fund of the south of Western Siberia (Novosibirsk, Omsk, Kemerovo, Tomsk Regions) suitable for fish production. The most promising aquaculture species such as whitefish, carp and sturgeon are indicated. Various areas of aquaculture are considered as follows: commercial aquaculture (pasture, pond, industrial) and artificial reproduction to restore populations of valuable fish species. It is noted that pasture aquaculture is one of the promising option for commercial aquaculture. It is shown that the development of the existing hatcheries is a priority in aquaculture. The results of aquaculture in the second half of the 20th century in the south of Western Siberia are given. The effectiveness of aquaculture for that period has been evaluated. The causes of a decline in production of marketable fish under present-day conditions have been analyzed. The most promising ways to develop different forms of aquaculture in the south of Western Siberia are recommended taking into account the climatic and economic characteristics of Novosibirsk, Omsk, Kemerovo, and Tomsk Regions. The introduction of a set of recommended actions will allow increasing fish production in the regions up to 45 ths tonnes per year.

The research goal was to study effects of different dosages of “LipoKar” vitamin feed supplement on the protein fractions of blood serum in sows during the second half of pregnancy. The studies were conducted at the pig breeding farm JSC “Linevskiy Plemzavod”, Altai Territory. The sows of the three trial groups were daily fed, in addition to their basic diet, “LipoKar” feed supplement for 20 days in various dosages: 1.1 g, 1.6 g, and 2.1 g, respectively. It was found that blood serum of the pregnant sows fed with “LipoKar” in a dose of 2.1 g per head a day contained higher concentrations of в- and г-globulins by 0.8% and 5.3%, respectively, compared with the control animals, which were not fed the feed supplement.

There were studied the features of growth and development of the young stock of yaks from birth to 18 months of age as well as their certain hematological parameters. Investigations were carried out in 2012-2014 in the Republic of Tuva. Two groups of the young stock were formed as follows: a control group obtained from second- and third-calved grunting cows with the average indices of live weight, conformation and calf output, and an experimental group consisting of the young stock from grunting cows of the breeding herd with higher characteristics of live weight, conformation and calf output. The animals were kept on pasture all year round from their birth. The maximum rate of growth and development was shown by the experimental young animals. They exceeded the control group’s animals in live weight at birth by 6.2%, at 3 and 6 months of age by 18.4 and 18.0, at 12 and 15 months by 13.2 and 11.3, and at 18 months by 11.7%. For the 18-month raising period, the average daily liveweight gain in the experimental young animals made up 374.8 g per day that was 14.5% more than in the control. Resulting from a study on linear growth, an advantage of the experimental young animals was established as well. Unlike their contemporaries from the control group, they had a deeper, longer and wider body, comparatively short but strong legs, well-expressed conformation and a stronger constitution. Hematological parameters of both groups were within the limits of physiological norm. It was established that blood leukocytes, total protein, calcium and phosphorus contents in the experimental young animals increased, which corresponded to liveweight gain indices.

A comparative characteristic of the young yaks’ constitution is given in view of their age and conformation parameters. Investigations were carried out in the Republic of Tuva. There were determined measurements of young yaks obtained from the grunting cows of breeding herd with the higher conformation parameters (1 group), and from grunting cows with the average parameters (2 group). The measurements were performed in the young stock at birth, at 3 and 6 months of age. Advantages of the first group’s young yaks over the second group’s animals in conformation parameters were established, which was manifested from the age of 3 months: withers height more by 5.9%, height at hips by 5.4, chest depth by 8.7, and oblique body length by 3.6%. The measurement parameters of the first group at 6 months of age were much higher than those of the second group: withers height, height at hips, chest depth, circumference of chest, width of chest, and oblique body length by 10.2; 7.4; 16.0; 5.5; 3.0, and 8.0%, respectively. It has been found that the index of long legs in the young yaks of the groups studied decreased from birth to 6 months of age from 52.5 and 53.8% to 46.5 and 49.1%, respectively, which indicates the features of the yak breed related to small animals of meat type.

An analysis was carried out into yielding capacity and nutritive value of pure and mixed sowings of leguminous and graminoid crops cultivated under conditions of steppe and forest-steppe zones of Western Siberia. Investigations were conducted in 2013-2015. As to climatic resources, the forest-steppe zone is a moderately warm, insufficiently moistened agroclimatic region; the steppe zone is a sharply continental climatic region with hot summer and cold winter. The indices of competitive ability and biological efficiency of annual legume-and-grass mixtures were determined depending on component ratio. As compared with the pure sowings, the mixtures yielded to them in productivity by 13-15%, but they were more plastic to weather conditions. There was established the optimum ratio of gramineous and leguminous components in mixtures equal to 70:40 % from a total seeding rate. The best crops for mixtures were found to be oats and barley, the use of wheat having reduced the total yielding capacity by 10-14%. The mixed sowings possessing a high biological productivity potential were characterized by considerable fluctuations in yields. In dry years, gramineous component formed up to 90% of yield, and 10% were for leguminous one. Under conditions of wet year, a part of leguminous component made up 40-55% of the mixture yield. The ixtures exceeded the pure sowings of oats and barley in digestible protein availability by 23-28 g per fodder unit. The zootechnic standard is reached, when the mixture yield contains 15% of leguminous component.

Investigations were carried out into the comparative assessment of yielding capacity in annual grass-and-legume crops, millet and oats, in pure sowings as well as in mixture with pea, field pea and vetch. The experiment was performed in 2011-2014 on dark-chestnut soils of the Republic of Tuva (Durgen). Under arid conditions of the steppe zone of Tuva, such grass mixtures as millet + peas and millet + field peas sown at the first date (III ten-day period of May) were remarkable among annual grass-and-legume crops for their average green mass yields during years of investigations; these were 17.7 and 16.6 tonnes per ha, respectively. At the second sowing date (II ten-day period of June), the maximum yield was observed in millet + peas mixture (19.7 tonnes per ha), and in oats + field peas mixture (19.7 tonnes per ha). There was determined the biological efficiency coefficient of annual grass-and-legumes mixtures when grown for green mass, depending on components and sowing dates. The biological efficiency of grass-and-legumes mixtures was found to be higher than that of the pure grass sowings. The maximum indices were obtained in the variants oats + field peas (1.25) and peas + oats (1.23) sown at the second date. There were determined the optimum sowing dates for annual grass-and-legume crops in the forest-steppe zone of Tuva: III ten-day period of May for fodder millet + leguminous crops (peas, field peas) mixtures, and II ten-day period of June for oats + peas and field peas mixtures.

Results are given from long-term (2007-2013) investigations on developing a phytocenosis rtificially created at the biological stage of recultivation under conditions of the Far North. The objects of study were disturbed soils and perennial grasses. The experimental work was done at the bottom of an alluvial soil pit after three-year mine working in the Bovanenkovskoe oil and gas condensate field in the tundra zone of the Yamal Peninsula. To accomplish a given task, we established a field experiment in the third ten-day period of August 2007 in three replications. The multi-component grass mixture was grown consisting of red fescue, awnless bromegrass, meadow fescue, timothy grass, creeping wheatgrass, meadow grass, slough grass. It was found that the plant cover restored in third year after sand production to be stopped was represented by field camomile and sandy immortelle with projective cover of 3-5%. Without applying mineral fertilizers, perennial grasses provide a weak strengthening effect because of the low projective cover of 5 to 45% and pure root system development. Mineral fertilizers accelerate the development of perennial grasses, increase the projective cover up to 90-100% and provide higher strengthening effect of disturbed soils. Six years after establishing the phytocenosis, it still contains sown grass species: red fescue (28%), awnless bromegrass (13%), and timothy grass (21%). Meadow fescue, creeping wheatgrass and slough grass are represented separately. For this period, the introduction of the native flora happened in all variants of the experiment, in particular, with applying mineral fertilizers.

There was studied the effect of anthelminthics mixture of Alben and Askazin on laboratory animals and birds. The experimental animals and birds divided into three groups were given these preparations mixed in different doses. The mixture of anthelminthics Alben and Askazin was administered in a therapeutic dose as well as in doubled and tripled doses, which had no adverse toxic effects on the organism of the laboratory animals and birds. With that, the general condition of the animals and birds remained unchanged. Clinical signs - body temperature, functions of cardiovascular and respiratory systems - varied within limits. Based on hematological studies conducted, there were not observed any pronounced deviations from the morphological parameters of blood and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The contents of the levels of hemoglobin, red blood cells and white blood cells were within the physiological norm. After post-mortem autopsies of birds the pronounced changes in their gastro-intestinal tract and internal organs were not found. It has been found that the use of anthelminthics mixture of Alben and Askazin in therapeutic dose as well as in increased (doubled and tripled) doses has no adverse toxic effects on laboratory animals and birds.

There is given an assessment of the technical capacities of agricultural enterprises of Krasnoyarsk Territory as well as availability and movements of major machinery. It is shown that the energy supply of agricultural production has decreased due to significant exceeding of machinery write-offs over its acquisition. The main reasons for reduction in machine-and-tractor fleets are a lack of funding for its replenishment, a low investment level in agriculture, and insufficient government support. Low availability of technical resources increases the duration of the field work and losses of agricultural produce. There were substantiated the parameters of own production volumes produced by all the farms of Krasnoyarsk Territory to fully meet the food needs of the population by 2020. It is shown that the most important condition for the growth in own production of basic agricultural products and foodstuffs, as a condition for import substitution, is the development of high-tech manufacturing, including radical renewal of machinery and introduction of modern agricultural technologies based on high-performance machines. There were determined the land areas and quantitative structure of agricultural machinery to achieve planned volumes of food production.