When developing adaptive-landscape farming systems, special attention is paid to the study of the ecological, toxicological and sanitary-hygienic state of the territory used. This is especially important for saline agro-landscapes, which are widespread in the Barabinskaya plain (Baraba). The studies were conducted in the northeastern part of the Baraba within the Novosibirsk Region. The soils of the eluvial (meadow-chernozem), transit (chernozem-meadow), and accumulative (deep solonetz) zones of the catena were studied. The soils differed in physicochemical properties and microelement composition. In the soil profile from the eluvial to accumulative zone, alkalinity increased, humus content decreased, and the granulometric composition changed. These indicators affect the microelement composition. The content of moderately hazardous trace elements (hazard class 2): chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and molybdenum (Mo) were determined. It was found that the maximum content of total chromium falls on the profile of meadow-chernozem soil in the eluvial position. In the arable horizon there is less than 0.00001 mg/kg of mobile chromium, which does not fall within the detection range of the device. Some movement of mobile forms of chromium from the eluvial to accumulative position was noted. The maximum content of total nickel and cobalt was found in the profile of meadowchernozem soil, but it is in amounts well below the LOC. The total content of nickel and cobalt varies insignificantly across the soil profile, indicating their low mobility. The total content of Mo in soils is within the clarke range and is approximately the same over the entire depth. It was found that the content of moderately hazardous trace elements of nickel and cobalt in the soils of saline agro-landscapes of Baraba by catena is below the LOC and cannot be a hazard from the ecological-toxicological point of view. The content of total chromium and molybdenum is on the verge of the LOC and therefore, in certain cases, tension in the ecological and toxicological situation of the territory may arise. This should be taken into account in the agricultural use of saline agrolandscapes.

The results of the analysis of changes in biochemical parameters of soybeans depending on growing conditions are presented. The object of the study was samples of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) of the Lydia variety and wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. & Zucc.) forms of KA-1344 grown on natural soils (control and with a high content of heavy metals). The analysis was carried out in leaves, stems, roots, flowers and seeds of cultivated and wild soybeans in the phase of the first triple leaf, flowering and fruiting. The content of malonic dialdehyde and the specific activity of acid phosphatase were determined by spectrophotometric method, the activity of peroxidase – by colorimetric method, the content of zinc, copper and lead – by atomic absorption. Electrophoretic spectra of acid phosphatase were detected by electrophoresis on columns of 7.5% polyacrylamide gel. Identification of zones with enzymatic activity on the gel was carried out by appropriate histochemical methods. It has been established that the cultivation of soybeans on soil with a high content of zinc, copper and lead leads to their accumulation in the organs of soybeans. The highest content of the studied metals is found in the roots. Growing soybeans on soil with a high content of zinc, copper and lead led to an increase in the specific activity of peroxidase in its organs. At the same time, the content of malonic dialdehyde in cultivated soybeans significantly increased only in stems during the phase of the first triple leaf and in roots during the flowering phase, and in wild soybeans in leaves, stems and roots during the phase of the first triple leaf and in stems during the flowering phase. It has been revealed that the flowers have the maximum specific activity of acid phosphatase. Cultivated soybeans, under conditions of increased zinc, copper and lead content in the soil, were characterized by an increase in the specific activity of acid phosphatase and the appearance of new multiple forms. For wild soybeans, in general, there was a decrease in the specific activity of acid phosphatase and an increase in the number of multiple forms of the enzyme.

The paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of technological quality assessment of flax fiber by the main features: the yield and number of long and short fiber, the content and total fiber yield, determined by different methods of regulatory documentation. The research took place in 2001–2021 in the flax–growing regions of Russia: Tver, Smolensk, Vologda, Kostroma regions. It is established that the information value of the obtained results depends on the chosen evaluation method. The absolute deviations of the average level of the values of the signs determined by various methods are 3.55 - 9.05% for the output of a long fiber, its numbers are 0.00 - 1.64 N, the output of a short fiber is 0.20 - 11.60%, its numbers are 0.40 - 2.75 N, the content and total fiber output are 0.40–10,8%; relative deviations are for the same signs, respectively equal, 24,0–44,5%, 0,00– 13,60%, 1,80–51,60,%, 1,30–44,40%, 1,00–32,00%. The given example shows a possible variation in the assessment of the integral technological quality of flax (from number 1.25 to number 2.00) and the cost of the products produced from it (long and short fiber) (19%), subject to determination by the following two options. The first option provided for the determination of the output of a long fiber on a laboratory ribboner CMT-200M, the numbers of a long fiber - according to the change N4 GOST 10330–76, the output of a short fiber according to the method of technological evaluation of the quality of flax on the ribboner TL-40, the numbers of a short fiber according to GOST 9394- 76. The second option was to find the output of long and short fibers in production conditions on a ribboner, organoleptic evaluation of the number of the long fiber and determination of the number of the short fiber by calculation. It is concluded that it is necessary to bring the level of values of these signs determined by various methods to a single level in order to increase the informational value of assessing the technological quality of flax raw materials.

The studies were conducted in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region. Under laboratory and field conditions, different forms and dosages of macro- and micronutrient nanoparticles and associated substances were tested in the treatment of seeds and plants of spring triticale and wheat. The preparations had a positive effect on seed germination, while higher rates reduced energy and germination. The germination energy and germination of triticale seeds increased by 4-10% with the application of preparations containing nanoparticles of copper, manganese, molybdenum, biogenic iron, Titan M. Treatment of daily seedlings with manganese, calcium, molybdenum, Titan M, biogenic iron, boron, potassium increased sprout length by 7.8-25% and sprout weight by 6-8% by day 7. Only already developing sprouts responded to the application of potassium. It was noted that the application of biogenic iron causes a 4-10% decrease in laboratory germination of seeds, but promotes the development of the main root. Its increase was 9-12% compared to the control. The inclusion of biogenic iron and silicon in the mixture to the chemical dressing reduced the effectiveness against root rot from 18% at the beginning of the growing season to 30% by the harvesting period. The application of biogenic iron increased the yield by 0,5-0,6 t/ha or 23% in the system of complex crop protection compared to the control and by 0,16-0,23 t/ha with the standard scheme of crop protection. A positive effect of biogenic iron in the treatment of plants during the earing phase as a separate element of the technology and in a tank mixture with fungicides was noted.

The results of research on the creation of a breeding group of Hereford cows at the Novosibirsk Region breeding reproducer are presented. It was found that cows from the 3rd to 7th calves have the lowest coefficient of variability for live weight (from 1.9 to 2.7%), for milk yield - from 1.9 to 5.6%. The variation in height at hips (characterizing the manifestation of the type) was from 1.3-1.6%. Based on these indicators, a breeding group of 82 cows was selected and evaluated. The average live weight of the animals was 570.5 kg, which exceeds the standard of the breed by 50.5 kg or 9.7%, and corresponded to the elite-record class. The selection differential by live weight of cows of the whole herd and breeding group was 11 kg. Taking into account the coefficient of inheritance and the effect of selection on the first generation to achieve the indicators of the desirable type based on the cows of the breeding group will take 3.5 generations (10.5 years), respectively, for milk yield - 3.9 generations (4.5 years). More effective breeding achievement can be achieved in height at hips (1.1 generations and 3.3 years). Ten stud bulls selected for custom mating are homogeneous and rated elite-record class. They exceeded the breed standard by 151.5 kg (8.1%) in live weight at 3 years of age and by 115.3 kg (14.1%) at 5 years and older. They are characterized by a well-defined desirable type of constitution. Stud bulls obtained from the cross of the Canadian and Siberian selections with the complex index "B", according to the quality of progeny 104-105 recognized as improveers.

The paper presents the results (2019-2021) of parasitological studies of pathological material from 91 individuals of red deer (Cervus elaphus xanthopygus). Infestation of red deer with eight species of endoparasites has been registered in the Trans-Baikal Territory was registered: Protostrongylus kochi, suborder Strongylata of the digestive tract, Moniezia benedeni, Trichostrongylus spp., Dicrocoelium lanceatum, Echinococcus granulosus larva, Cysticercus tenuicollis, Eimeria spp. The intensity of infestation is 86.8% (Cysticercus tenuicollis) and 57.1% (Echinococcus granulosus larva), indicating the presence of natural foci on these helminths and their widespread distribution. Helminths Dicrocoelium lanceatum unspecific for Trans-Baikal Territory were detected in the bile ducts of the liver of one of the examined red deer. This fact indicates the presence of all conditions (the presence of intermediate hosts) for the spread of invasion, including on farm animals. To maintain the veterinary and sanitary well-being of the hunting industry in the Trans-Baikal Territory, the main principles of prevention of registered helminth infections were formulated based on the data obtained. To prevent the spread of echinococcosis, cysticercosis (larval cestodoses) among wild ungulates, increased control of wolves, foxes and stray dogs, as well as mandatory systematic deworming of dogs (quarterly) allowed in hunting farms is necessary. In order to prevent larval cestodoses it is necessary to destroy entrails of hunted animals and not use them raw as food for dogs. To prevent imaginal helminth infestations in ungulates, continuous monitoring of helminth carriage is necessary. Based on the results of these studies, a plan of helminthic measures is drawn up. For deworming wild animals, oral anthelmintic drugs are used, which are laid out on feeding grounds mixed with loose feed (crushed grain).

The paper presents the results of research on the development of zoohygienic measures aimed at improving the hatchability of eggs through the use of environmentally safe means and the study of the toxic effects of formaldehyde on the quality of hatching eggs. The research is relevant due to the negative changes in industrial poultry farming in recent years, which have been accompanied by a sharp deterioration in the quality of hatching eggs, a decrease in the hatching of conditioned chicks and their significant mortality during the rearing period. The use of the drug "Monclavit-1" as an antiseptic and disinfectant drug of broad spectrum and the study of formaldehyde toxicity in the treatment of hatching eggs is of scientific interest to improve the incubation quality of eggs. The work gives a comparative assessment of the use of formaldehyde for disinfection of hatching eggs and environmentally safe preparation "Monclavit-1". The data obtained and their analysis indicate that preincubation treatment with Monclavit-1 had a positive effect on the results of incubation. Eggs with blood ring in the control group were 0.9% more (p < 0.05), dead-in-shell eggs were 1.3% more (p < 0.05), and addle eggs were 2.0% more (p < 0.05) than in the experimental group. In addition, the rates of egg hatchability and hatchability of chicks when treated with Monclavit-1 were higher than those of the control by 3.1 and 4.4% (p< 0.05), respectively. Cost-effectiveness of the drug "Monclavit-1" use exceeded that of the control group by 17.3%. Production sanitation in the agro-industrial complex is one of the decisive factors in preserving and increasing the health of farm animals and obtaining biologically and environmentally safe products from them to meet the food needs of the population of the state.

The materials on evaluation and selection of machine-tractor units by the criteria of minimization of their production and operation costs (total specific energy intensity of MTU for its production and operation) and maximum productivity in carrying out the technological process of soil cultivation are presented. It has been established that the range of technological machines for carrying out the technological process "cultivation" with the power of mobile power plants up to 110 hp is determined by cultivators such as KPS-4, KBM-4.2 type using tractors JD5620, AGCO MF3640, UMZ-6, LTZ 95B, JD6020, MTZ-80/82, MTZ-920, Belarus 900, Belarus-921, Belarus-923, Deutz Agrofarm 430 and MTZ-1025. They have the total specific energy intensity of use with the designated technological machines at the minimum level, and the productivity at the maximum. In the power range of tractors from 110 to 145 hp it is advisable to use cultivators KSHU-5, KSHU-6, KPS-8P with mobile power tools New Holland T6050 Delta, CASE IH Maxxum 125, JD 6130D, JD 6135, MTZ-1221, Belarus 1220, LTZ-155 and MTZ-1222, which also have the maximum productivity at the minimum level of the total specific energy consumption for their production and operation. It has been found that when using cultivators of the type KSHU-12, KBM-7.2P, KBM-10.8P, Leader-6N, APC-7,2, RTS1831, KPO-7.2, KORUND 8/900 (power of the energy means up to 150-210 hp), according to the indicated efficiency criteria, it is advisable to use tractors T–150K, MTZ-1523, HTZ-121, HTA 200- 10, Belarus 1525, HTZ 17221, Terrion ATM 3180, Deutz Fahr Agrotron 165.7, JD 7030, ATM 4200 Terrion, MTZ-2022. It has been established that for the use of cultivators Leader-7.2N, Leader-8, according to the indicated criteria for minimizing energy consumption and maximum productivity, tractors with a power of up to 210-240 hp like JD 7830, JD 7930, New Holland 7060, Deutz Fahr Agrotron L720 DCR, Claas Axion 850 are required.

At the moment, vibration exciters of different designs are widely used for all kinds of technological operations. The use of vibration makes it possible to reduce labor intensity and the cost price of manufacturing costs. This paper presents the results of a study of the mechanism of excitation of vibrational motion, from which it is obvious that the size of the body, the runner and the adopted eccentricity affect the value of the power of the vibration exciter. The results on the size of the body, the eccentricity and the value of the unbalanced mass - a runner - moving on the inner surface of the cylindrical body and exciting vibration oscillations during movement are presented. The maximum power of the vibration exciter, depending on whether the runner will be pressed by centrifugal force to the cylindrical outer surface of the vibration exciter over the entire length of the surface, is determined. If the runner cannot be pressed to the cylindrical surface of the vibrator by centrifugal force, then at the working speeds of the PTO (750 and 1000 rpm) there will be areas of the surface where the runner will be pressed against the surface and exert vibratory oscillations. On the remaining surface, the runner will slip past the cylindrical surface, causing a knock, and will not excite vibratory oscillations. The surface areas where the runner will not excite vibratory oscillations were determined. The knock refers to the vibratory oscillations of the runner. The knocking occurs in a runner who has not gained maximum speed and therefore is not pressed against a cylindrical shaped body. Transmission of vibration energy to the vibrator body comes from the energy of the runner. The runner, touching the hull, experiences the impact of inertial forces on the hull. The runner excites external forces that transfer vibration energy to the vibration exciter.

The advantages and disadvantages of the most common types of seed drills are presented. A coulter has been studied that makes it possible to introduce mineral fertilizers below the level of sowing cereal seeds with preservation of the soil layer between them. Two-factor field experiment was conducted in four replications with a constant seeding rate of spring soft wheat Omskaya 36 4.5 million germinated seeds/ha in 2021. The rate of mineral fertilizers with a nitrogen content of 34.4% was 0 (control), 100, 150, 200 kg / ha on each type of the studied work tools. The results of comparative studies of the quality of three types of coulters on the basis of a serial seeder SKP2,1 are presented. During the field experiment, the depth of seed embedding, field germination, yield and grain quality were determined according to the variants. The best seeding depth of spring wheat seeds was provided by combined and disc coulters. The highest field germination (72.7%) was obtained when seeding with combined coulters with the introduction of ammonium nitrate at a rate of 150 kg / ha, disc coulters at the same rate - 71.0%, with a standard tine coulter - 55.1%. The highest yield (3.18 t/ha) was obtained when seeding with SKP-2,1K drill with combined coulters at the application of 150 kg/ha of ammonium nitrate. At the same rate of fertilizer application, the yield when seeding with disc coulters was 3.16 t/ha. The content of crude gluten in the control variant was 31.2%, when seeding with a combined coulter - 34.1%, when seeding with a disc coulter with the introduction of ammonium nitrate in the physical weight of 200 kg/ha - 33.4%.

Studies were conducted in private poultry farms in five economic regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan: Apsheronsky, Sheki-Zakatalsky, Lenkoran-Astarasky, Guba-Khachmazsky and Aransky. It was found that helminthocomplex of domestic chickens is represented by parasites belonging to class Nematoda, including 4 species - Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Syngamus trachea, Capillaria obsignata and Cestoda, represented by one species, Raillietina tetragona. Their ubiquitous distribution has been established; however, with a homogeneous taxonomic composition in economic areas, the infestation of chickens with pathogens of individual helminthic diseases varies. Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinarum are the dominant species. Their invasion of hens is maximum (36.8 and 35.5% prevalence) and does not have significant territorial differences. Bird infestation with nematodes C.obsignata and tapeworms Raillietina tetragona is characterized by lower prevalence rates and their pronounced variability within areas. The infestation of chickens with capillariasis and ryetinosis varies from 7.1% in Aransky district to 28.8% in Lenkoran-Astarsky district, from 5.4% to 24.8% in Apsheronsky and Guba-Khachmazsky districts. On average, it is 17.8 and 18.5% in the republic, respectively. Age peculiarities of chickens' helminth infestation are characterized by the same taxonomic spectrum of parasites and maximum infection with the causative agents of ascariasis, heterokidosis, syngamosis, capillariasis and ryetinosis in chickens aged 2.5-5 months with prevalence of 38.9; 40.8; 21.9; 19.7 and 20.9%, respectively. The incidence of these nosoforms in adult birds is much lower and amounts to 32.0; 30,8; 15,3; 16.2 and 16.0%.

The results of the study of biocidal properties of silver, copper and silicon dioxide nanoparticles are presented. Questions about the safety of nanocomponents in connection with their unstudied impact on the environment are considered. To evaluate the biocidal effect of noble metal nanoparticles and bioelements, a unicellular eukaryotic test-system, represented by a ciliated protist microorganism Paramecium caudatum inhabiting pond water bodies, was used. It was found that solutions of noble metal nanoparticles and bioelements are not bioinert and biostimulating. Colloidal solutions of silver, copper and silicon dioxide nanoparticles have a biocidal effect and show a similar dosedependent effect if the concentration of nanoparticles in the initial colloidal solutions is the same (300 µg/ml). The colloidal silver solution is characterized by a more pronounced toxic activity in a unicellular protist biological model, since full biocidal activity against paramecium is provided by dilutions of the colloidal solution of nanoparticles to the value 1: 6 of the initial one. Compared to it, solutions of copper nanoparticles and silicon oxide have a biocidal index of 100% achieved only in values of two- or three-times dilution of the initial solution. Colloidal solutions of nanoparticles in concentrations that do not cause complete mortality of the infusoria (1: 5 of the original for copper and silicon oxide nanoparticles and 1: 7 of the original for silver nanoparticles) inhibit their reproduction intensity by approximately the same value of 55-61% (paramecium reproduction intensity index of 0.455 to 0.390 respectively).